Bailey Regan L, Miller Paige E, Mitchell Diane C, Hartman Terryl J, Lawrence Frank R, Sempos Christopher T, Smiciklas-Wright Helen
Office of Dietary Supplements, the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7517, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jul;90(1):177-83. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.27268. Epub 2009 May 20.
No rapid methods exist for screening overall dietary intakes in older adults.
The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a scoring system for a diet screening tool to identify nutritional risk in community-dwelling older adults.
This cross-sectional study in older adults (n = 204) who reside in rural areas examined nutrition status by using an in-person interview, biochemical measures, and four 24-h recalls that included the use of dietary supplements.
The dietary screening tool was able to characterize 3 levels of nutritional risk: at risk, possible risk, and not at risk. Individuals classified as at nutritional risk had significantly lower indicators of diet quality (Healthy Eating Index and Mean Adequacy Ratio) and intakes of protein, most micronutrients, dietary fiber, fruit, and vegetables. The at-risk group had higher intakes of fats and oils and refined grains. The at-risk group also had the lowest serum vitamin B-12, folate, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin concentrations. The not-at-nutritional-risk group had significantly higher lycopene and beta-carotene and lower homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations.
The dietary screening tool is a simple and practical tool that can help to detect nutritional risk in older adults.
目前尚无快速筛查老年人总体膳食摄入量的方法。
本研究旨在开发并评估一种饮食筛查工具的评分系统，以识别社区居住老年人的营养风险。
这项针对居住在农村地区的老年人（n = 204）的横断面研究，通过面对面访谈、生化指标检测以及四次24小时膳食回顾（包括膳食补充剂的使用情况）来评估营养状况。
该膳食筛查工具能够将营养风险分为三个等级：有风险、可能有风险和无风险。被归类为有营养风险的个体，其饮食质量指标（健康饮食指数和平均充足率）以及蛋白质、大多数微量营养素、膳食纤维、水果和蔬菜的摄入量显著较低。有风险组的油脂和精制谷物摄入量较高。有风险组的血清维生素B-12、叶酸、β-隐黄质、叶黄素和玉米黄质浓度也最低。无营养风险组的番茄红素和β-胡萝卜素浓度显著较高，而高半胱氨酸和甲基丙二酸浓度较低。
该膳食筛查工具是一种简单实用的工具，有助于检测老年人的营养风险。
