García-Díez A, Puig Ll, Ortiz J, Blanco A
Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2009 May;100(4):298-306.
Atopic dermatitis is a eczematous disease of the skin with onset during childhood and subsequent flares. The UK Working Party (UKWP) defined the diagnostic criteria normally used for atopic dermatitis. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of atopic dermatitis according to these criteria.
This was a 2-phase cross-sectional, epidemiologic computer-assisted telephone survey. Parents of children aged 14 years or less participated in the first phase to determine the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Spain. In the second phase, 6 months later, parents of children with diagnosis of atopic dermatitis according to the UKWP diagnostic criteria in phase 1 were interviewed to assess seasonal variations in disease activity between the 2 phases.
In total, 1979 parents participated; 8.6 % of the children (95 % confidence interval, 7.4 %-9.8 %) were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis by telephone. Of these, 49.2 % had a family history of atopy and 41.3 % had been diagnosed with atopic dermatitis by a physician. Diagnosis by the physician and that made by interview agreed in 75.3 % of these cases. Of the factors associated with atopic dermatitis, it was found that increased body temperature, periods of stress, dust, use of/contact with wool or fiber clothes, and use of certain soaps and hygiene products showed seasonal variations.
The estimated prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children between 0 and 14 years old in Spain was 8.6 %. Certain factors associated with disease flares showed seasonal variations.
特应性皮炎是一种皮肤湿疹性疾病，在儿童期发病并随后反复发作。英国工作组（UKWP）定义了通常用于特应性皮炎的诊断标准。本研究的目的是根据这些标准评估特应性皮炎的患病率。
这是一项两阶段的横断面流行病学计算机辅助电话调查。14岁及以下儿童的父母参与第一阶段，以确定西班牙特应性皮炎的患病率。在第二阶段，6个月后，对在第一阶段根据UKWP诊断标准被诊断为特应性皮炎的儿童的父母进行访谈，以评估两个阶段之间疾病活动的季节性变化。
共有1979名父母参与；通过电话诊断8.6%的儿童（95%置信区间，7.4%-9.8%）患有特应性皮炎。其中，49.2%有特应性家族史，41.3%曾被医生诊断为特应性皮炎。在这些病例中，医生诊断和访谈诊断的一致性为75.3%。在与特应性皮炎相关的因素中，发现体温升高、压力时期、灰尘、使用/接触羊毛或纤维衣服以及使用某些肥皂和卫生用品存在季节性变化。
西班牙0至14岁儿童特应性皮炎的估计患病率为8.6%。与疾病发作相关的某些因素存在季节性变化。
