Curotto de Lafaille Maria A, Lafaille Juan J
Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, and Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Immunity. 2009 May;30(5):626-35. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.05.002.
Adaptive Foxp3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T (iTreg) cells develop outside the thymus under subimmunogenic antigen presentation, during chronic inflammation, and during normal homeostasis of the gut. iTreg cells are essential in mucosal immune tolerance and in the control of severe chronic allergic inflammation, and most likely are one of the main barriers to the eradication of tumors. The Foxp3(+) iTreg cell repertoire is drawn from naive conventional CD4(+) T cells, whereas natural Treg (nTreg) cells are selected by high-avidity interactions in the thymus. The full extent of differences and similarities between iTreg and nTreg cells is yet to be defined. We speculate that iTreg cell development is driven by the need to maintain a noninflammatory environment in the gut, to suppress immune responses to environmental and food allergens, and to decrease chronic inflammation, whereas nTreg cells prevent autoimmunity and raise the activation threshold for all immune responses.
适应性Foxp3(+)CD4(+)调节性T细胞（iTreg细胞）在胸腺外发育，发生于亚免疫原性抗原呈递、慢性炎症期间以及肠道正常内环境稳定期间。iTreg细胞在黏膜免疫耐受和控制严重慢性过敏性炎症中至关重要，很可能是肿瘤根除的主要障碍之一。Foxp3(+) iTreg细胞库源自初始常规CD4(+) T细胞，而天然调节性T细胞（nTreg细胞）则在胸腺中通过高亲和力相互作用被选择。iTreg细胞与nTreg细胞之间差异和相似性的全貌尚待确定。我们推测，iTreg细胞的发育是由维持肠道非炎症环境、抑制对环境和食物过敏原的免疫反应以及减轻慢性炎症的需求驱动的，而nTreg细胞则预防自身免疫并提高所有免疫反应的激活阈值。
