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地下水处理和饮用水分配系统中的氨氧化细菌和古菌。

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in groundwater treatment and drinking water distribution systems.

作者信息

van der Wielen Paul W J J, Voost Stefan, van der Kooij Dick

机构信息

KWR Watercycle Research Institute, P.O. Box 1072, 3430BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Jul;75(14):4687-95. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00387-09. Epub 2009 May 22.

Abstract

The ammonia-oxidizing prokaryote (AOP) community in three groundwater treatment plants and connected distribution systems was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and sequence analysis targeting the amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). Results demonstrated that AOB and AOA numbers increased during biological filtration of ammonia-rich anoxic groundwater, and AOP were responsible for ammonium removal during treatment. In one of the treatment trains at plant C, ammonia removal correlated significantly with AOA numbers but not with AOB numbers. Thus, AOA were responsible for ammonia removal in water treatment at one of the studied plants. Furthermore, an observed negative correlation between the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in the water and AOA numbers suggests that high DOC levels might reduce growth of AOA. AOP entered the distribution system in numbers ranging from 1.5 x 10(3) to 6.5 x 10(4) AOPs ml(-1). These numbers did not change during transport in the distribution system despite the absence of a disinfectant residual. Thus, inactive AOP biomass does not seem to be degraded by heterotrophic microorganisms in the distribution system. We conclude from our results that AOA can be commonly present in distribution systems and groundwater treatment, where they can be responsible for the removal of ammonia.

摘要

采用定量实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)和针对氨氧化细菌(AOB)与古菌(AOA)的amoA基因进行序列分析的方法,对三个地下水处理厂及其相连的配水系统中的氨氧化原核生物(AOP)群落进行了分析。结果表明,在富含氨的缺氧地下水的生物过滤过程中,AOB和AOA数量增加,且AOP在处理过程中负责去除铵。在C厂的一个处理流程中,氨去除与AOA数量显著相关,而与AOB数量无关。因此,在所研究的其中一个工厂的水处理过程中,AOA负责氨的去除。此外,观察到水中溶解有机碳(DOC)浓度与AOA数量之间呈负相关,这表明高DOC水平可能会降低AOA的生长。AOP以每毫升1.5×10³至6.5×10⁴个AOP的数量进入配水系统。尽管没有消毒剂残留,但在配水系统中输送过程中这些数量并未改变。因此,无活性的AOP生物量似乎不会被配水系统中的异养微生物降解。我们从结果中得出结论,AOA通常存在于配水系统和地下水处理中,它们在其中可负责氨的去除。

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