Field Matt, Duka Theodora, Tyler Elizabeth, Schoenmakers Tim
School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZA, UK.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2009 Jul;11(7):812-22. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntp067. Epub 2009 May 27.
We examined whether an attentional bias modification (ABM) procedure would produce a persistent and generalizable change in attentional bias, and influence subjective craving and tobacco-seeking behavior, among tobacco smokers.
Seventy-two cigarette smokers were randomly allocated to groups before completing a modified visual probe task in which their attentional bias for smoking-related cues was increased ("attend smoking" group), reduced ("avoid smoking" group), or not manipulated (control group).
The ABM produced the predicted changes in attentional bias, although these effects were short lasting, and there was no evidence of generalization either to novel smoking-related stimuli or to performance on a different measure of attentional bias (the pictorial Stroop task). ABM had no effects on subjective craving or behavioral measures of tobacco seeking.
These results add to a growing body of literature that suggests that a single session of ABM does not produce generalizable effects, and effects on craving and drug seeking are inconsistent across studies. Theoretical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
我们研究了注意力偏向矫正（ABM）程序是否会在吸烟者中产生注意力偏向的持续且可推广的变化，并影响主观渴望和烟草寻求行为。
72名吸烟者在完成一项改良的视觉探测任务之前被随机分组，在该任务中，他们对吸烟相关线索的注意力偏向被增强（“关注吸烟”组）、减弱（“回避吸烟”组）或不被操纵（对照组）。
ABM产生了预期的注意力偏向变化，尽管这些影响是短暂的，并且没有证据表明这种变化能推广到新的吸烟相关刺激或不同的注意力偏向测量指标（图片斯特鲁普任务）的表现上。ABM对主观渴望或烟草寻求的行为测量指标没有影响。
这些结果进一步补充了越来越多的文献，表明单次ABM不会产生可推广的效果，并且对渴望和药物寻求的影响在不同研究中并不一致。文中讨论了理论意义和未来研究方向。
