Outzen Mark
Golden Living Center, La Crescent, MN 55947, USA.
J Gerontol Nurs. 2009 May;35(5):17-23; quiz 24-5. doi: 10.3928/00989134-20090331-02.
Few current standards exist for the identification and management of fever in older adults. Fever is one aspect of a controlled, complex febrile response that involves numerous physiological systems and must be distinguished from hyperthermia. Although most commonly identified with infection, numerous noninfectious etiologies exist. Fever is an adaptive response and is generally beneficial, especially in terms of the immunological response. Adverse consequences of fever are rare in older adults. Despite its metabolic costs, fever seldom requires treatment, except in certain patients who may not tolerate the stress. Controlling fever with antipyretic agents must be considered carefully, as the presence of fever may be helpful in guiding therapy, and antipyretic agents may have adverse effects. Recommendations are offered for identification and management of fever in older adults.
目前针对老年人发热的识别和管理几乎没有现行标准。发热是一种受控制的、复杂的发热反应的一个方面，这种反应涉及众多生理系统，必须与体温过高相区分。虽然发热最常与感染相关，但也存在许多非感染性病因。发热是一种适应性反应，通常是有益的，尤其是在免疫反应方面。老年人发热的不良后果很少见。尽管发热有代谢成本，但除了某些可能无法耐受这种应激的患者外，发热很少需要治疗。使用退热剂控制发热必须谨慎考虑，因为发热的存在可能有助于指导治疗，而且退热剂可能有不良反应。本文针对老年人发热的识别和管理提出了建议。
