Gash Hugh, Domínguez Rodríguez Pilar
Education Department, St. Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Span J Psychol. 2009 May;12(1):246-57. doi: 10.1017/s1138741600001657.
Heroes play collectivist or individualist roles in imagination and self-development. Representations of heroic figures in questionnaires given to French (n = 241) and Spanish (n = 227) samples of 10 and 15-year-olds were examined to assess the extent that heroes originated in digital media, and whether they were proximal or distal personalities. There is strong evidence that heroes in this sample were largely learned about in digital media (France 45%, Spain 50%): family and community heroes were a minority (France 11%, Spain 9%). Male heroes were more important to Spanish participants compared to their French peers. The acquisition sequence for hero type reported in the pre-television era, proximal (family and community) to distal (beyond the neighbourhood), is reversed in this study. Generally, 10-year-olds preferred heroes with collectivist qualities and 15-year-olds with individualised qualities. Findings are discussed in terms of the emergence of social capital.
英雄在想象和自我发展中扮演集体主义或个人主义角色。对法国（n = 241）和西班牙（n = 227）10岁和15岁儿童样本进行问卷调查，研究其中英雄人物的形象，以评估英雄形象源于数字媒体的程度，以及他们是亲近型还是疏远型人物。有充分证据表明，该样本中的英雄形象很大程度上是通过数字媒体了解到的（法国为45%，西班牙为50%）：家庭和社区英雄占少数（法国为11%，西班牙为9%）。与法国同龄人相比，男性英雄对西班牙参与者更为重要。本研究中，电视时代之前报告的英雄类型获取顺序，即从亲近型（家庭和社区）到疏远型（邻里之外），出现了反转。一般来说，10岁儿童更喜欢具有集体主义品质的英雄，15岁儿童更喜欢具有个性化品质的英雄。研究结果将从社会资本的出现角度进行讨论。
