Kleinschmidt Immo, Schwabe Christopher, Benavente Luis, Torrez Miguel, Ridl Frances C, Segura Jose Luis, Ehmer Paul, Nchama Gloria Nseng
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Medical Care Development International, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009 Jun;80(6):882-8.
In malaria-endemic countries in Africa, a large proportion of child deaths are directly or indirectly attributable to infection with Plasmodium falciparum. Four years after high coverage, multiple malaria control interventions were introduced on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, changes in infection with malarial parasites, anemia, and fever history in children were estimated and assessed in relation to changes in all-cause under-5 mortality. There were reductions in prevalence of infection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.2-0.46), anemia (OR = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.07-0.18), and reported fevers (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.22-0.76) in children. Under-5 mortality fell from 152 per 1,000 births (95% CI = 122-186) to 55 per 1,000 (95% CI = 38-77; hazard ratio = 0.34 [95% CI = 0.23-0.49]). Effective malaria control measures can dramatically increase child survival and play a key role in achieving millennium development goals.
在非洲疟疾流行国家，很大一部分儿童死亡直接或间接归因于感染恶性疟原虫。在赤道几内亚的比奥科岛实施了高覆盖率的多项疟疾控制干预措施四年后，对儿童疟原虫感染、贫血和发热史的变化进行了估计和评估，并与5岁以下儿童全病因死亡率的变化相关联。儿童感染率（比值比[OR]=0.31，95%置信区间[CI]=0.2-0.46）、贫血率（OR=0.11，95%CI=0.07-0.18）和报告的发热率（OR=0.41，95%CI=0.22-0.76）均有所下降。5岁以下儿童死亡率从每1000例出生152例（95%CI=122-186）降至每1000例55例（95%CI=38-77；风险比=0.34[95%CI=0.23-0.49]）。有效的疟疾控制措施可显著提高儿童存活率，并在实现千年发展目标中发挥关键作用。
