Du Xue-zhu, Ge Xian-hong, Yao Xing-cheng, Zhao Zhi-gang, Li Zai-yun
College of Life Science, Hubei University, 430062, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Plant Cell Rep. 2009 Jul;28(7):1105-13. doi: 10.1007/s00299-009-0712-4. Epub 2009 May 29.
Intertribal somatic hybrids between Brassica napus (2n = 38, AACC) and a dye and medicinal plant Isatis indigotica (2n = 14, II) were obtained by fusions of mesophyll protoplasts. From a total of 237 calli, only one symmetric hybrid (S2) and five asymmetric hybrids (As1, As4, As6, As7 and As12) were established in the field. These hybrids showed some morphological variations and had very low pollen fertility. Hybrids S2 and As1 possessed 2n = 52 (AACCII), the sum of the parental chromosomes, and As12 had 2n = 66 (possibly AACCIIII). Hybrids As4, As6 and As7 were mixoploids (2n = 48-62). Genomic in situ hybridization analysis revealed that pollen mother cells at diakinesis of As1 contained 26 bivalents comprising 19 from B. napus and 7 from I. indigotica and mainly showed the segregation 26:26 at anaphase I (AI) with 7 I. indigotica chromosomes in each polar group. Four BC(1) plants from As1 after pollinated by B. napus resembled mainly B. napus in morphology but also exhibited some characteristics from I. indigotica. These plants produced some seeds on selfing or pollination by B. napus. They had 2n = 45 (AACCI) and underwent pairing among the I. indigotica chromosomes and/or between the chromosomes of two parents at diakinesis. All hybrids mainly had the AFLP banding patterns from the addition of two parents plus some alterations. B. napus contributed chloroplast genomes in majority of the hybrids but some also had from I. indigotica. Production of B. napus-I. indigotica additions would be of considerable importance for genome analysis and breeding.
通过叶肉原生质体融合获得了甘蓝型油菜（2n = 38，AACC）与一种染料及药用植物菘蓝（2n = 14，II）之间的种间体细胞杂种。在总共237个愈伤组织中，仅在田间建立了1个对称杂种（S2）和5个不对称杂种（As1、As4、As6、As7和As12）。这些杂种表现出一些形态变异，且花粉育性很低。杂种S2和As1具有2n = 52（AACCII），即亲本染色体数之和，而As12具有2n = 66（可能为AACCIIII）。杂种As4、As6和As7为混倍体（2n = 48 - 62）。基因组原位杂交分析表明，As1终变期的花粉母细胞含有26个二价体，其中19个来自甘蓝型油菜，7个来自菘蓝，在后期I（AI）主要表现为26:26的分离，每个极组中有7条菘蓝染色体。As1的4个回交一代（BC(1)）植株在形态上主要类似于甘蓝型油菜，但也表现出一些菘蓝的特征。这些植株自交或与甘蓝型油菜授粉后产生了一些种子。它们具有2n = 45（AACCI），在终变期菘蓝染色体之间和/或两个亲本的染色体之间发生配对。所有杂种主要具有来自两个亲本相加并伴有一些改变的AFLP条带模式。甘蓝型油菜在大多数杂种中贡献叶绿体基因组，但有些杂种也含有菘蓝的叶绿体基因组。甘蓝型油菜 - 菘蓝附加系的产生对于基因组分析和育种具有重要意义。
