National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding Technology, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement-Wuhan, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China.
Genome. 2010 Feb;53(2):146-56. doi: 10.1139/g09-093.
With the dye and medicinal plant Isatis indigotica (2n = 14) as pollen parent, intertribal sexual hybrids with Brassica napus (2n = 38, AACC) were obtained and characterized. Among a lot of F1 plants produced, only five hybrids (H1-H5) were distinguished morphologically from female B. napus parents by showing low fertility and some characters of I. indigotica, and also by having different chromosome numbers. H1-H4 had similar but variable chromosome numbers in their somatic and meiotic cells (2n = 25-30), and H5 had 2n = 19, the same number as the haploid of B. napus. GISH analysis of the cells from H1 and H5 detected one I. indigotica chromosome and one or two chromosome terminal fragments. New B. napus types with phenotypic and genomic alterations were produced by H1 after pollination by B. napus and selfing for several generations, and by H5 after selfing. A progeny plant (2n = 20) was derived from H1 after pollination by I. indigotica twice and had a phenotype similar to a certain type of B. rapa, showing that hybrid H1 likely retained all chromosomes of the A genome and lost some of the C genome in parental B. napus. The reasons for the formation of the partial hybrids with unexpected chromosomal complements and for the chromosome elimination are discussed.
以染料和药用植物菘蓝（2n = 14）作为花粉父本，与芸薹属甘蓝型油菜（2n = 38，AACC）获得了种间杂种，并对其进行了鉴定。在所产生的大量 F1 植物中，只有 5 个杂种（H1-H5）在形态上与雌性甘蓝型油菜亲本不同，表现出低育性和菘蓝的一些特征，并且具有不同的染色体数目。H1-H4 在其体细胞和减数分裂细胞中具有相似但可变的染色体数目（2n = 25-30），而 H5 具有 2n = 19，与甘蓝型油菜的单倍体相同。GISH 分析 H1 和 H5 细胞检测到一个菘蓝染色体和一个或两个染色体末端片段。H1 在经过甘蓝型油菜授粉和自交几代后，以及 H5 在自交后，产生了具有表型和基因组改变的新型甘蓝型油菜。H1 在经过菘蓝两次授粉后，产生了一个 2n = 20 的后代植物，其表型类似于某些类型的甘蓝型油菜，表明杂种 H1 可能保留了 A 基因组的所有染色体，而在亲本甘蓝型油菜中丢失了一些 C 基因组。讨论了形成具有意外染色体组成的部分杂种和染色体消除的原因。
