Mitroi Nicoleta, Moţa Maria
Clinical County Emergency Hospital Craiova, Clinic of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases.
Rom J Intern Med. 2008;46(4):295-304.
Since Hippocrates it is known that nutrition plays a very important role in maintaining health, people being advised to consider "food intake as a real medicine". Modern science shows that important and necessary for an optimal state of health is not only the intake of some specific nutrients, but, above all, specific quantities of each and every nutrient which are to be taken. New notions have consequently appeared, such as dietetic recommendations and nutritional epidemiology. At the same time, it has been emphasized that nutrition can directly contribute to diseases appearance (nutrients/food generally interact with the genes in a "benign" way, but in some circumstances this interaction can also have fatal consequences). Human development is influenced by both environmental factors (diet, smoking, education, physical activity etc.) and heredity; both factors should be given equal attention, if our aim is to maintain the state of health. Experimental studies are often dedicated either only to the influence of environmental factors or exclusively to genes' influence and not to both simultaneously [4]. Modern techniques and methods of study are designed to solve the problem.
自希波克拉底时代起，人们就知道营养在维持健康方面起着非常重要的作用，因此建议人们将“食物摄入视为一种真正的药物”。现代科学表明，对于健康的最佳状态而言，重要且必要的不仅是摄入某些特定营养素，更重要的是，每种营养素都要摄入特定的量。因此，诸如饮食建议和营养流行病学等新观念应运而生。同时，人们强调营养可能直接导致疾病的出现（营养素/食物通常以“良性”方式与基因相互作用，但在某些情况下，这种相互作用也可能产生致命后果）。人类发展受到环境因素（饮食、吸烟、教育、体育活动等）和遗传因素的共同影响；如果我们的目标是维持健康状态，那么这两个因素都应得到同等重视。实验研究往往要么仅专注于环境因素的影响，要么仅专注于基因的影响，而不是同时关注两者[4]。现代研究技术和方法旨在解决这一问题。
