Kingstone Alan
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2009 Feb;19(1):52-6. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2009.05.004. Epub 2009 May 27.
The eyes of others are important to us, and we care about where they are directed. Lab-based studies often fail to capture this intuition because the studies are so simple and controlled that the situational complexity that is critical to social attention is lost. A research approach called cognitive ethology begins its investigation at the level of naturally occurring phenomena before moving into the lab. In doing so one can maintain the link between lab research and the phenomena it seeks to understand. Instances of lab failures that are offset by a cognitive ethology approach are presented and discussed.
他人的目光对我们很重要,我们在意其目光的指向。基于实验室的研究常常无法捕捉到这种直觉,因为这些研究过于简单且受到控制,以至于对社会注意力至关重要的情境复杂性丧失了。一种名为认知行为学的研究方法在进入实验室之前,先从自然发生的现象层面展开调查。这样做可以保持实验室研究与其试图理解的现象之间的联系。文中展示并讨论了一些通过认知行为学方法得以弥补的实验室研究失败案例。