Soccol Vanete Thomaz, de Castro Edilene Alcântara, Schnell e Schühli Guilherme, de Carvalho Yanê, Marques Ellen, Pereira Elisângela de Fátima, Alcantara Fernanda de Souza, Machado Angela Maria, Kowalthuk Wolodymir, Membrive Norberto, Luz Ennio
Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Acta Trop. 2009 Sep;111(3):308-15. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.05.013. Epub 2009 May 29.
We report a new endemic zone of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the central area of the State of Paraná (Municipality of Prudentópolis), in southern Brazil. This region was not previously considered endemic for CL, and this work constitutes the first report of CL endemicity there. Leishmaniasis was confirmed by smear, culture, and ELISA. Parasites were isolated and identified by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD). Phylogeographical analysis, based on two different criteria, was able to distinguish between RAPD profiles from different geographical regions. In total, 100 patients were diagnosed with leishmaniasis by culture and serology methods. The reported incidence rate was 4.32%. Of the 100 patients, 92% of the patients had single lesions, and 79.98% of these lesions were located on their limbs. The fact that 61% of patients were male rural workers points to an extradomiciliar type of transmission. In houses where human leishmaniasis was diagnosed, 29% of the dogs presented anti-Leishmania antibodies. A total of 1663 phlebotomines, representing 5 species, were captured in the studied area with CDC-like light minitraps. Lutzomyia intermedia s.l. was the most prevalent species (94.40%). The isolated parasites were grouped with Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. The epidemiological implications are discussed in the present article.
我们报告了巴西南部巴拉那州中部地区（普鲁登托波利斯市）一个新的皮肤利什曼病（CL）流行区。该地区以前未被视为CL的流行区，这项工作构成了该地区CL流行情况的首次报告。利什曼病通过涂片、培养和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）得以确诊。通过多态性DNA随机扩增（PCR-RAPD）对寄生虫进行分离和鉴定。基于两种不同标准的系统地理学分析能够区分来自不同地理区域的RAPD图谱。通过培养和血清学方法，总共100名患者被诊断为利什曼病。报告的发病率为4.32%。在这100名患者中，92%的患者有单个病灶，其中79.98%的病灶位于四肢。61%的患者为男性农民工这一事实表明存在户外传播类型。在诊断出人类利什曼病的房屋中，29%的狗呈现抗利什曼原虫抗体。在研究区域使用类似疾控中心的轻型诱蚊灯诱捕器共捕获了1663只白蛉，代表5个物种。中间卢蛉复合体（Lutzomyia intermedia s.l.）是最常见的物种（94.40%）。分离出的寄生虫被归类为巴西利什曼原虫（Leishmania (V.) braziliensis）。本文讨论了其流行病学意义。
