Imanishi Masafumi, Dote Tomotaro, Tsuji Hiroshi, Tanida Eri, Yamadori Emi, Kono Koichi
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical College, Japan.
J Occup Health. 2009;51(4):287-93. doi: 10.1539/joh.m8016. Epub 2009 Jun 1.
In our previous study, we reported that even a sublethal dose of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) could cause acute toxic effects 60 min after intravenous injection. This study was designed to investigate the time- and dose-dependent changes associated with these disorders. The serum fluoride (F) kinetics are also considered in the discussion of the relationship between the concentrations of serum F and the disorders.
Rats were injected with HFA (1.6 or 9.6 mg/kg body weight) for the dose-response relationship study. For each dose, the rats were assigned to one of seven groups. Blood samples of the 0-min group were obtained from the carotid artery prior to injection as a control. The other six groups were labeled according to sampling times (5, 10, 30, 60, 120 and 300-min) in the time-dependent study.
The 1.6 mg/kg dose decreased the ionized calcium (Ca2+) level significantly after 30 min, and it also decreased the total calcium (Ca) level after 300 min. The 9.6 mg/kg dose rapidly worsened renal dysfunction after 60 min. It increased the serum potassium level after 60 and 120 min and it decreased Ca and Ca2+ levels until 300 min. Although there was respiratory compensation, the base excess and HCO3(-) level and had not completely recovered by 300 min.
Even low exposure to HFA caused renal dysfunction, and electrolyte abnormalities and metabolic acidosis lasted for several hours in rats. Therefore, persons involved in HFA accidental exposure should be closely monitored over time, even if the exposure is less than the sublethal dose.
在我们之前的研究中，我们报告称，即使是亚致死剂量的氢氟酸（HFA）静脉注射60分钟后也会引起急性毒性作用。本研究旨在调查与这些病症相关的时间和剂量依赖性变化。在讨论血清氟（F）浓度与病症之间的关系时，也考虑了血清氟动力学。
为了进行剂量反应关系研究，给大鼠注射HFA（1.6或9.6mg/kg体重）。对于每个剂量，将大鼠分配到七个组中的一组。0分钟组的血样在注射前从颈动脉采集作为对照。在时间依赖性研究中，其他六组根据采样时间（5、10、30、60、120和300分钟）进行标记。
1.6mg/kg剂量在30分钟后显著降低了离子钙（Ca2+）水平，在300分钟后也降低了总钙（Ca）水平。9.6mg/kg剂量在60分钟后迅速使肾功能恶化。它在60和120分钟后增加了血清钾水平，并且在300分钟之前降低了Ca和Ca2+水平。尽管存在呼吸代偿，但碱剩余和HCO3(-)水平直到300分钟时仍未完全恢复。
即使低剂量接触HFA也会导致大鼠肾功能障碍，电解质异常和代谢性酸中毒会持续数小时。因此，即使接触剂量低于亚致死剂量，HFA意外接触者也应长期密切监测。
