足月儿和 former preterm subjects 的视杆功能发育。 （注：这里“former preterm subjects”表述不太准确，可能是“former premature subjects”，即“既往早产个体” ，但按要求未做修改）
Development of rod function in term born and former preterm subjects.
作者信息
Fulton Anne B, Hansen Ronald M, Moskowitz Anne
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
出版信息
Optom Vis Sci. 2009 Jun;86(6):E653-8. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181a6a237.
PURPOSE
To provide an overview of some of our electroretinographic (ERG) and psychophysical studies of normal development of rod function and their application to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
METHODS
ERG responses to full-field stimuli were recorded from dark adapted subjects. Rod photoreceptor sensitivity (SROD) was calculated by fit of a biochemical model of the activation of phototransduction to the ERG a-wave. Dark adapted psychophysical thresholds for detecting 2 degrees spots in parafoveal (10 degrees eccentric) and peripheral (30 degrees eccentric) retina were measured and the difference between the thresholds, Delta10-30, was examined as a function of age. SROD and Delta10-30 in term born and former preterm subjects were compared.
RESULTS
In term born infants, (1) the normal developmental increase in SROD changes proportionately with the amount of rod visual pigment, rhodopsin, and (2) rod-mediated function in central retina is immature compared with that in peripheral retina. In subjects born prematurely, deficits in SROD persist long after active ROP has resolved. Maturation of rod-mediated thresholds in the central retina is prolonged by mild ROP.
CONCLUSIONS
Characterization of the development of normal rod and rod-mediated function provides a foundation for understanding ROP.
目的
概述我们对视杆功能正常发育的一些视网膜电图（ERG）和心理物理学研究，以及它们在早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）中的应用。
方法
记录暗适应受试者对全视野刺激的ERG反应。通过将光转导激活的生化模型拟合到ERG a波来计算视杆光感受器敏感性（SROD）。测量暗适应状态下在中央凹旁（偏心10度）和周边（偏心30度）视网膜检测2度光斑的心理物理学阈值，并将阈值之差Delta10 - 30作为年龄的函数进行研究。比较足月儿和 former preterm 受试者的SROD和Delta10 - 30。
结果
在足月儿中，（1）SROD的正常发育性增加与视杆视觉色素视紫红质的量成比例变化，（2）与周边视网膜相比，中央视网膜中视杆介导的功能不成熟。在早产儿中，SROD的缺陷在活动性ROP消退后仍持续很长时间。轻度ROP会延长中央视网膜中视杆介导阈值的成熟时间。
结论
对视杆和视杆介导功能正常发育的特征描述为理解ROP提供了基础。
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