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[儿童与青少年精神病学:移民儿童精神障碍的整合与预防方法]

[Child and adolescent psychiatry approaches to integration and prevention of psychiatric disorders in immigrant children].

作者信息

Schepker Renate

机构信息

Südwürttembergische Zentren für Psychiatrie, Ravensburg.

出版信息

Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2009;58(4):263-77. doi: 10.13109/prkk.2009.58.4.263.

Abstract

30% of children and adolescents in Germany are immigrated or descendents of immigrants. An overwiew of approaches to prevent psychiatric disorders is given. Eventually higher rates of mental distress may be explained by SES relativisms, aversive living conditions, negative school, vocational and life expectancies. Some psychoprotective functions specific to immigrants were identified in a higher use of breastfeeding, heightened family cohesion, and also the preservation of bilingualism paired with a good proficiency of German. Parent trainings like early enrichment to further integration in the host society have proved successful as well as easily accessible and bilingual counselling. All of these also apply to the prevention of delinquency. In the end, successful integration is prevention as well.

摘要

德国30%的儿童和青少年是移民或移民后裔。本文对预防精神疾病的方法进行了综述。最终,较高的精神痛苦发生率可能由社会经济地位相对较低、恶劣的生活条件、负面的学校、职业和预期寿命来解释。在更多地进行母乳喂养、增强家庭凝聚力以及保持双语能力且德语水平良好等方面,发现了一些特定于移民的心理保护功能。像早期强化以促进融入东道国社会这样的家长培训已被证明是成功的,还有易于获得的双语咨询服务。所有这些也适用于预防犯罪。最终,成功的融入也是一种预防。

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