Centre for Military and Veterans' Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2009 Nov;10(6):693-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00601.x. Epub 2009 May 21.
The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the military has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, and may have adverse consequences for the military: a worsening prevalence of obesity in young civilian adults could hinder the recruitment and maintenance of military manpower. This review explores the impact of obesity on suitability for employment in defence force careers and any potential impact on long-term occupational health. Studies containing data on obesity and the military were identified from an electronic database. Thirty-eight papers were identified and 17 were included in this review. There is a limited body of evidence available to ascertain whether or not obese individuals are suitable for employment in the military. There are a number of key issues that need to be addressed before a definitive conclusion can be drawn. These include the future health of obese personnel recruited into the military and subsequent implications for health services, costs to the organization and military readiness, and the ability of an obese person to be an active member of the military workforce. Future research should be targeted towards these areas in order to determine the implications of obesity for recruitment and retention of defence force personnel.
军事领域的体能和身体成分标准的主要目的一直是选拔最适合军事服务体能要求的个体。肥胖已在全球范围内达到流行程度，并且可能对军队产生不利影响：年轻人中肥胖的流行率上升可能会阻碍军队人力的招募和维持。本综述探讨了肥胖对国防职业就业适宜性的影响，以及对长期职业健康的任何潜在影响。从电子数据库中确定了包含肥胖和军队数据的研究。确定了 38 篇论文，其中 17 篇被纳入本综述。目前可获得的证据有限，无法确定肥胖个体是否适合服兵役。在得出明确结论之前，需要解决一些关键问题。这些问题包括被招募到军队中的肥胖人员的未来健康状况以及对卫生服务、组织成本和军事准备的后续影响，以及肥胖人员作为军队劳动力的活跃成员的能力。未来的研究应针对这些领域，以确定肥胖对国防人员招募和留用的影响。
