Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2009 Oct;120(4):299-307. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01398.x. Epub 2009 Apr 15.
Comorbidity between Tourette's syndrome (TS) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is high. In children, those with both TS+ADHD fare less well than those with TS-only on measures of both psychopathology and behaviour. The objective of this study was to document such measures in adult patients.
Eighty adults with TS-only were compared to 64 with TS+ADHD using a clinical interview and standardised measures of depression, anxiety and obsessionality.
The two groups were no different on measures of TS severity. TS+ADHD patients had significantly more depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behaviour and maladaptive behaviours than patients with TS-only. There were also significant differences in the incidence of copro- and echo-phenomena and family history of ADHD.
The finding of increased overall behavioural difficulties and psychopathology in adult patients with TS+ADHD when compared with TS-only is in agreement with previous findings in children with TS. Appropriate treatment of ADHD in TS patients during childhood may prevent many behavioural problems in adulthood.
抽动秽语综合征（TS）与注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）共病率较高。在儿童中，同时患有 TS 和 ADHD 的患者在精神病理学和行为方面的测量结果均不如仅患有 TS 的患者。本研究的目的是记录成年患者的这些测量结果。
使用临床访谈和抑郁、焦虑和强迫症的标准化测量方法，将 80 名仅患有 TS 的成年人与 64 名同时患有 TS 和 ADHD 的成年人进行比较。
两组在 TS 严重程度的测量上没有差异。与仅患有 TS 的患者相比，同时患有 TS 和 ADHD 的患者抑郁、焦虑、强迫行为和适应不良行为明显更多。此外，还存在 copro 和 echo 现象以及 ADHD 家族史的发生率差异。
与仅患有 TS 的患者相比，同时患有 TS 和 ADHD 的成年患者的整体行为困难和精神病理学增加的发现与以前在患有 TS 的儿童中的发现一致。在儿童时期对 TS 患者进行 ADHD 的适当治疗可能会预防成年后的许多行为问题。
