van Wassenhove Virginie
Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, NeuroSpin Center, Bât 145, Point Courier 156, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Jul 12;364(1525):1815-30. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0023.
How long did it take you to read this sentence? Chances are your response is a ball park estimate and its value depends on how fast you have scanned the text, how prepared you have been for this question, perhaps your mood or how much attention you have paid to these words. Time perception is here addressed in three sections. The first section summarizes theoretical difficulties in time perception research, specifically those pertaining to the representation of time and temporal processing. The second section reviews non-exhaustively temporal effects in multisensory perception. Sensory modalities interact in temporal judgement tasks, suggesting that (i) at some level of sensory analysis, the temporal properties across senses can be integrated in building a time percept and (ii) the representational format across senses is compatible for establishing such a percept. In the last section, a two-step analysis of temporal properties is sketched out. In the first step, it is proposed that temporal properties are automatically encoded at early stages of sensory analysis, thus providing the raw material for the building of a time percept; in the second step, time representations become available to perception through attentional gating of the raw temporal representations and via re-encoding into abstract representations.
你花了多长时间读完这句话?很有可能你的回答只是一个大致的估计,其数值取决于你浏览文本的速度、你对这个问题的准备程度、或许还有你的情绪,或者你对这些词语的关注程度。本文从三个部分探讨时间感知。第一部分总结了时间感知研究中的理论难题,特别是那些与时间表征和时间处理相关的难题。第二部分非详尽地回顾了多感官感知中的时间效应。感觉模态在时间判断任务中相互作用,这表明:(i)在某种感觉分析水平上,跨感觉的时间属性可以在构建时间知觉时整合起来;(ii)跨感觉的表征格式对于建立这样一种知觉是兼容的。在最后一部分,勾勒出了对时间属性的两步分析。第一步,提出时间属性在感觉分析的早期阶段被自动编码,从而为构建时间知觉提供原材料;第二步,时间表征通过对原始时间表征的注意门控以及通过重新编码为抽象表征而可供知觉使用。