Divisão de Clínica Otorrinolaringológica, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Oftalmologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Jan-Feb;75(1):70-5. doi: 10.1016/s1808-8694(15)30834-x.
The association of protease inhibitors (PI) to antiretroviral therapy has generated sensible changes in morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients.
Aims at evaluating the impact of this association on the prevalence of rhinosinusitis (RS) and CD4+ lymphocyte count in HIV-infected children.
Retrospective cross-sectional study of the medical charts of 471 HIV-infected children. In 1996, protease inhibitors were approved for use as an association drug in antiretroviral therapy. Children were divided into two groups: one which did not receive PI and another which received PI after 1996. The prevalence of RS and CD4+ lymphocyte counts were compared between these groups.
14.4% of HIV-infected children had RS. Chronic RS was more prevalent the its acute counterpart. Children under 6 years old who were taking protease inhibitors presented with a significant higher prevalence of acute RS. The association of PI with the antiretroviral regimen was associated to higher mean CD4+ lymphocyte count and lower prevalence of chronic RS.
The use of protease inhibitors was associated to higher mean CD4+ lymphocyte count. Children under 6 years of age in antiretroviral therapy associated with PI presented a lower likelihood of developing chronic RS.
蛋白酶抑制剂（PI）与抗逆转录病毒治疗的联合使用，使 HIV 感染患者的发病率和死亡率发生了显著变化。
评估这种联合使用对 HIV 感染儿童的鼻窦炎（RS）患病率和 CD4+淋巴细胞计数的影响。
对 471 名 HIV 感染儿童的病历进行回顾性横断面研究。1996 年，蛋白酶抑制剂被批准作为抗逆转录病毒治疗中的联合用药。儿童分为两组：一组未接受 PI，另一组在 1996 年后接受 PI。比较两组之间 RS 的患病率和 CD4+淋巴细胞计数。
14.4%的 HIV 感染儿童患有 RS。慢性 RS 比急性 RS 更为普遍。接受蛋白酶抑制剂治疗的 6 岁以下儿童急性 RS 的患病率显著更高。PI 与抗逆转录病毒方案的联合使用与更高的平均 CD4+淋巴细胞计数和更低的慢性 RS 患病率相关。
使用蛋白酶抑制剂与更高的平均 CD4+淋巴细胞计数相关。在接受与 PI 联合的抗逆转录病毒治疗的 6 岁以下儿童中，发生慢性 RS 的可能性较低。
