Steinberg Marc L, Heimlich Laura, Williams Jill M
Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009 Jun;47(3):197-207. doi: 10.1352/1934-9556-47.3.197.
Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Although few tobacco control efforts target individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities, this population may be especially vulnerable to the deleterious effects of tobacco use and dependence. Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities suffer from the health, financial, and stigmatizing effects of tobacco use. The present review examined the current literature with respect to the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, the importance of addressing tobacco use in these smokers, and policies surrounding tobacco use in this population. Suggestions for additional avenues of inquiry as well as modifications to current cessation treatments are proposed.
在美国，吸烟是可预防的首要死因。尽管很少有烟草控制措施针对智力和/或发育障碍者，但这一人群可能特别容易受到吸烟及烟草依赖的有害影响。智力和发育障碍者遭受着吸烟带来的健康、经济和污名化影响。本综述考察了关于智力和发育障碍者吸烟率及吸烟模式、解决这些吸烟者吸烟问题的重要性以及针对这一人群的吸烟相关政策的现有文献。文中还提出了进一步研究方向的建议以及对当前戒烟治疗方法的改进建议。
