Clinical Department for Mental Health, University Psychiatric Hospital Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2009 Nov;10(7):424-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00501.x. Epub 2009 Apr 8.
To determine lifetime prevalence of suicidal and self-injurious behaviors in Slovenian adolescents with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy controls.
Adolescents (14-19 yr) with type 1 diabetes were compared with a normative control group of healthy secondary school students by means of a self-reported questionnaire (according to Kienhorst) containing questions on demographic and family characteristics, suicidal ideation, intended suicide, attempted suicide, possible future suicide, and self-injurious behavior. Patients received the questionnaires at regular outpatient visits to the pediatric diabetes clinic, completed them in private, and returned them by mail. Questionnaires for control subjects were administered in classrooms.
The responses of 126 eligible patients and 499 controls were analyzed. The control group trended toward higher lifetime prevalence of all suicidal behaviors and self-injurious behavior. The lowest prevalence of all suicidal behaviors and self-injurious behavior was reported by males with diabetes. Compared with male controls, the differences were statistically significant for suicidal ideation (p < 0.05) and intended suicide (p < 0.05). Compared with females with diabetes, the differences were statistically significant for suicidal ideation (p < 0.001), intended suicide (p < 0.01), attempted suicide (p < 0.05), and self-injurious behavior (p < 0.05). Females with diabetes reported highest prevalence of all suicidal but not self-injurious behaviors. More patients than controls reported receiving counseling the year preceding the study (p < 0.001).
In the study, type 1 diabetes showed a protective effect for suicidal behavior in adolescent males but not in adolescent females. Professionals working with adolescents with type 1 diabetes should be alert to possible suicidality, especially among females.
确定与健康对照相比，斯洛文尼亚 1 型糖尿病青少年一生中自杀和自残行为的发生率。
通过自我报告问卷（根据 Kienhorst）比较 14-19 岁的青少年（1 型糖尿病）与健康中学学生的正常对照组，问卷包含人口统计学和家庭特征、自杀意念、自杀意图、自杀未遂、可能的未来自杀和自残行为的问题。患者在儿科糖尿病诊所的常规门诊就诊时收到问卷，私下填写并通过邮件寄回。对照组的问卷在教室发放。
分析了 126 名合格患者和 499 名对照的应答。对照组所有自杀行为和自残行为的终生发生率均呈上升趋势。糖尿病男性报告的所有自杀行为和自残行为发生率最低。与男性对照组相比，自杀意念（p < 0.05）和自杀意图（p < 0.05）存在统计学差异。与糖尿病女性相比，自杀意念（p < 0.001）、自杀意图（p < 0.01）、自杀未遂（p < 0.05）和自残行为（p < 0.05）差异均有统计学意义。糖尿病女性报告的所有自杀行为发生率最高，但自残行为发生率不高。与对照组相比，更多的患者报告在研究前一年接受过咨询（p < 0.001）。
在这项研究中，1 型糖尿病对青少年男性的自杀行为有保护作用，但对女性没有作用。与 1 型糖尿病青少年合作的专业人员应注意可能出现的自杀倾向，尤其是女性。
