Harvey John W, Harr Kendal E, Murphy David, Walsh Michael T, Nolan Elizabeth C, Bonde Robert K, Pate Melanie G, Deutsch Charles J, Edwards Holly H, Clapp William L
Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Univeristy of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Vet Clin Pathol. 2009 Jun;38(2):183-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-165X.2009.00113.x. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
Hematologic analysis is an important tool in evaluating the general health status of free-ranging manatees and in the diagnosis and monitoring of rehabilitating animals.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate diagnostically important hematologic analytes in healthy manatees (Trichechus manatus) and to assess variations with respect to location (free ranging vs captive), age class (small calves, large calves, subadults, and adults), and gender.
Blood was collected from 55 free-ranging and 63 captive healthy manatees. Most analytes were measured using a CELL-DYN 3500R; automated reticulocytes were measured with an ADVIA 120. Standard manual methods were used for differential leukocyte counts, reticulocyte and Heinz body counts, and plasma protein and fibrinogen concentrations.
Rouleaux, slight polychromasia, stomatocytosis, and low numbers of schistocytes and nucleated RBCs (NRBCs) were seen often in stained blood films. Manual reticulocyte counts were higher than automated reticulocyte counts. Heinz bodies were present in erythrocytes of most manatees. Compared with free-ranging manatees, captive animals had slightly lower MCV, MCH, and eosinophil counts and slightly higher heterophil and NRBC counts, and fibrinogen concentration. Total leukocyte, heterophil, and monocyte counts tended to be lower in adults than in younger animals. Small calves tended to have higher reticulocyte counts and NRBC counts than older animals.
Hematologic findings were generally similar between captive and free-ranging manatees. Higher manual reticulocyte counts suggest the ADVIA detects only reticulocytes containing large amounts of RNA. Higher reticulocyte and NRBC counts in young calves probably reflect an increased rate of erythropoiesis compared with older animals.
血液学分析是评估野生海牛总体健康状况以及诊断和监测康复动物的重要工具。
本研究的目的是评估健康海牛（西印度海牛）中具有诊断意义的血液学分析物，并评估其在位置（野生与圈养）、年龄组（小幼崽、大幼崽、亚成体和成体）和性别方面的差异。
从55只野生和63只圈养的健康海牛采集血液。大多数分析物使用CELL-DYN 3500R进行测量；自动网织红细胞计数使用ADVIA 120进行。采用标准手工方法进行白细胞分类计数、网织红细胞和海因茨小体计数以及血浆蛋白和纤维蛋白原浓度测定。
在染色血片中经常可见缗钱状形成、轻度多染性、口形红细胞增多以及少量裂红细胞和有核红细胞（NRBC）。手工网织红细胞计数高于自动网织红细胞计数。大多数海牛的红细胞中存在海因茨小体。与野生海牛相比，圈养动物的平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（MCH）和嗜酸性粒细胞计数略低，而异嗜性粒细胞和NRBC计数以及纤维蛋白原浓度略高。成年海牛的总白细胞、异嗜性粒细胞和单核细胞计数往往低于年幼动物。小幼崽的网织红细胞计数和NRBC计数往往高于年长动物。
圈养和野生海牛的血液学检查结果总体相似。较高的手工网织红细胞计数表明ADVIA仅检测到含有大量RNA的网织红细胞。与年长动物相比，年幼海牛较高的网织红细胞和NRBC计数可能反映了红细胞生成率的增加。
