Li Shi-zhu, Luz Acosta, Wang Xian-hong, Xu Li-li, Wang Qiang, Qian Ying-jun, Wu Xiao-hua, Guo Jia-gang, Xia Gang, Wang Li-ying, Zhou Xiao-nong
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2009 May 5;122(9):1009-14.
Significant progress has taken place over the past 50 years in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in China. However, the available data suggested that schistosomiasis has re-emerged shortly after the World Bank Loan Project which was conducted from 1992 to 2001. The national control program with a revised strategy to control schistosomiasis by using integrated measures has been implemented since 2005. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the national program on schistosomiasis control from 2005 to 2008.
A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the epidemic patterns of acute infections with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum), based on the number of acute cases annually collected from the web-based national communicable diseases reporting system from 2005 to 2008.
A total of 564, 207, 83 and 57 acute cases infected with S. japonicum were reported nationwide in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively, with an average annual reduction rate of 46.35% during last four years. Six outbreaks of acute infection with S. japonicum were reported in 2005 but none in the period of 2006 to 2008. All acute cases that were reported mainly came from the lake regions and became infected during the higher risk periods from the 27th to 43rd weeks of the year. Most of these cases are students (44.87%), farmers (31.51%) and fishermen (7.79%) who got the infection by water contact mainly through swimming (41.49%) and production activities (40.25%). With time, the proportion of imported cases among all acute cases increased due to more frequent movement of people that has occurred with a more mobile population.
The national control program on schistosomiasis aliened with the revised control strategy has been effectively brought into effect. However, there is still a significant risk of infection among students, farmers and fishermen living in the lake regions. Therefore, it is important to strengthen control measures among risk populations in the high risk areas of transmission, or the lake regions.
在过去50年里，中国在日本血吸虫病控制方面取得了重大进展。然而，现有数据表明，在1992年至2001年实施的世界银行贷款项目结束后不久，血吸虫病再度出现。自2005年起实施了采用综合措施控制血吸虫病的修订策略的国家控制项目。在本研究中，我们旨在评估2005年至2008年国家项目对血吸虫病控制的效果。
开展一项回顾性研究，基于2005年至2008年从基于网络的国家传染病报告系统每年收集的急性病例数，分析日本血吸虫急性感染的流行模式。
2005年、2006年、2007年和2008年全国分别报告了564例、207例、83例和57例日本血吸虫急性感染病例，过去四年的年均下降率为46.35%。2005年报告了6起日本血吸虫急性感染疫情，但2006年至2008年期间未报告疫情。所有报告的急性病例主要来自湖区，在一年中第27周至43周的高风险时期感染。这些病例大多数是学生（44.87%）、农民（31.51%）和渔民（7.79%），他们主要通过游泳（41.49%）和生产活动（40.25%）接触水而感染。随着时间的推移，由于人口流动性增加导致人员流动更加频繁，所有急性病例中输入性病例的比例有所上升。
与修订后的控制策略相一致的国家血吸虫病控制项目已有效实施。然而，生活在湖区的学生、农民和渔民仍面临重大感染风险。因此，加强传播高风险地区即湖区风险人群的控制措施非常重要。
