van Beijsterveldt Liesbeth M, van Hell Janet G
Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, Nijmegen 6500 HE, The Netherlands.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2009 Oct;104(2):179-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2009.05.002. Epub 2009 Jun 3.
We examined priming of adjective-noun structures in Dutch hearing and deaf children. In three experiments, hearing 7- and 8-year-olds, hearing 11- and 12-year-olds, and deaf 11- and 12-year-olds read a prenominal structure (e.g., the blue ball), a relative clause structure (e.g., the ball that is blue), or a main clause (e.g., the ball is blue). After reading each prime structure, children described a target picture in writing. Half of the target pictures contained the same noun as the prime structure and half contained a different noun. Hearing 7- and 8-year-olds and 11- and 12-year-olds, as well as deaf 11- and 12-year-olds, showed priming effects for all three structures in both the same-noun and different-noun conditions. Structural priming was not boosted by lexical repetition in the hearing and deaf 11- and 12-year-olds; a lexical boost effect was observed only in the 7- and 8-year-olds and only in the relative clause structure. The findings suggest that hearing and deaf children possess abstract representations of adjective-noun structures independent of particular lexical items.
我们研究了荷兰听力正常和失聪儿童对形容词 - 名词结构的启动效应。在三个实验中，7至8岁的听力正常儿童、11至12岁的听力正常儿童以及11至12岁的失聪儿童阅读一个前置结构（例如，蓝色的球）、一个关系从句结构（例如，那个是蓝色的球）或一个主句（例如，球是蓝色的）。在阅读每个启动结构后，孩子们书面描述一幅目标图片。一半的目标图片包含与启动结构相同的名词，另一半包含不同的名词。7至8岁的听力正常儿童、11至12岁的听力正常儿童以及11至12岁的失聪儿童在同名词和不同名词条件下对所有三种结构都表现出启动效应。在11至12岁的听力正常和失聪儿童中，结构启动效应并未因词汇重复而增强；仅在7至8岁儿童中且仅在关系从句结构中观察到词汇增强效应。研究结果表明，听力正常和失聪儿童拥有独立于特定词汇项的形容词 - 名词结构的抽象表征。
