Grossmann M
Geriatrischen Klinik des Geriatrischen Zentrums, Klinikum Berlin-Buch, BRD.
Z Gerontol. 1991 Jul-Aug;24(4):164-7.
Elevated blood pressure in the elderly is common despite they are normotensive. This "pseudo-hypertension" is probably a white-coat effect or depends on the increased arterial stiffness. Ambulant blood-pressure monitoring (by portable automated oscillometry) provides a reasonable accurate estimate of the blood pressure level throughout the day and better predicts cardiac end-organ damage. In normotensive elderly volunteers the systolic arterial pressure and the blood pressure amplitude was higher than in young normotensive subjects. The circadian profile of the two groups was comparable. Specific habits like an afternoon nap significantly influenced the blood pressure of the elderly. The blood pressure variability in geriatric hypertensives with antihypertensive therapy was smaller than in normotensive elderly controls. Any severe blood-pressure nadir at night was not registered in both groups. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is a careful method and should be used to determine the need and the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment in the elderly.
尽管老年人血压正常，但血压升高的情况很常见。这种“假性高血压”可能是白大衣效应，或者取决于动脉僵硬度增加。动态血压监测（通过便携式自动示波法）能对全天血压水平提供合理准确的估计，并能更好地预测心脏终末器官损害。在血压正常的老年志愿者中，收缩期动脉压和血压波动幅度高于年轻血压正常的受试者。两组的昼夜血压模式具有可比性。午睡等特定习惯会显著影响老年人的血压。接受抗高血压治疗的老年高血压患者的血压变异性低于血压正常的老年对照组。两组均未记录到夜间任何严重的血压低谷。24小时动态血压监测是一种谨慎的方法，应用于确定老年人抗高血压治疗的必要性和有效性。
