Kim Jason K
UMass Mouse Phenotyping Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 381 Plantation Street, Suite 200 Worcester, MA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2009;560:221-38. doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-448-3_15.
Insulin resistance, the impaired ability of insulin to stimulate glucose utilization, is a major characteristic of type 2 diabetes. Insulin sensitivity can be measured using a variety of techniques that are commonly employed in diabetes research and care. Of these, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp is the gold-standard method to assess insulin sensitivity. The euglycemic clamp is widely used in clinics and laboratories to measure insulin action on glucose utilization in humans and animals for clinical and basic science research. Incorporation of radioactive-labeled glucose during euglycemic clamps makes it possible to measure glucose metabolism in individual organs. In recent years, euglycemic clamps have been actively performed in transgenic animal models of obesity, diabetes, and its complications, and have significantly advanced our understanding on the etiology and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. This chapter describes our standardized methods of the euglycemic clamp and associated surgical and biochemical procedures to measure insulin sensitivity in conscious rodents.
胰岛素抵抗，即胰岛素刺激葡萄糖利用的能力受损，是2型糖尿病的主要特征。胰岛素敏感性可以通过多种常用于糖尿病研究和护理的技术来测量。其中，高胰岛素-正常血糖钳夹技术是评估胰岛素敏感性的金标准方法。正常血糖钳夹技术广泛应用于临床和实验室，用于测量人和动物胰岛素对葡萄糖利用的作用，以进行临床和基础科学研究。在正常血糖钳夹期间加入放射性标记的葡萄糖，使得测量单个器官的葡萄糖代谢成为可能。近年来，正常血糖钳夹技术已在肥胖、糖尿病及其并发症的转基因动物模型中积极开展，并极大地推进了我们对2型糖尿病病因和发病机制的理解。本章描述了我们用于测量清醒啮齿动物胰岛素敏感性的正常血糖钳夹的标准化方法以及相关的手术和生化程序。
