Siegel Rebecca L, Jemal Ahmedin, Ward Elizabeth M
Surveillance and Health Policy Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-1002, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Jun;18(6):1695-8. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0186.
The recent, accelerated decline in colorectal cancer incidence rates has largely been attributed to an increase in screening rates among adults 50 years and older. We used data from 13 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries to report on colorectal cancer incidence trends from 1992 through 2005 among adults under age 50 years, for whom screening is not recommended for persons at average risk, by sex, race/ethnicity, age, stage at diagnosis, and anatomic subsite. Overall, incidence rates of colorectal cancer per 100,000 young individuals (ages 20-49 years) increased 1.5% per year in men and 1.6% per year in women from 1992 to 2005. Among non-Hispanic Whites, rates increased for both men and women in each 10-year age grouping (20-29, 30-39, and 40-49 years) and for every stage of diagnosis. The increase in incidence among non-Hispanic Whites was predominantly driven by rectal cancer, for which there was an average increase of 3.5% per year in men and 2.9% per year in women over the 13-year study interval. In contrast to the overall decreasing trend in colorectal cancer incidence in the United States, rates are increasing among men and women under age 50 years. Further studies are necessary to elucidate causes for this trend and identify potential prevention and early detection strategies.
近期，结直肠癌发病率加速下降，这在很大程度上归因于50岁及以上成年人筛查率的提高。我们使用了13个监测、流行病学和最终结果癌症登记处的数据，报告了1992年至2005年期间50岁以下成年人的结直肠癌发病趋势，对于平均风险人群不建议进行筛查，按性别、种族/族裔、年龄、诊断阶段和解剖亚部位进行分析。总体而言，1992年至2005年期间，每10万名年轻个体（20 - 49岁）的结直肠癌发病率男性每年增加1.5%，女性每年增加1.6%。在非西班牙裔白人中，每个10岁年龄组（20 - 29岁、30 - 39岁和40 - 49岁）以及每个诊断阶段的男性和女性发病率均有所上升。非西班牙裔白人发病率的增加主要由直肠癌推动，在13年的研究期间，男性直肠癌发病率平均每年增加3.5%，女性每年增加2.9%。与美国结直肠癌发病率总体下降趋势相反，50岁以下男性和女性的发病率正在上升。有必要进行进一步研究以阐明这一趋势的原因，并确定潜在的预防和早期检测策略。
