Göllner Peter, Jung Britta A, Kunkel Martin, Liechti Thomas, Wehrbein Heinrich
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009 Aug;20(8):833-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01732.x. Epub 2009 Jun 7.
To analyze the clinical performance and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) rate of two loading concepts on successfully healed and explanted palatal implants in humans.
From 2000 to 2006, two independent groups of patients, requiring maximum anchorage, were treated. Group 1 (n=36) was subjected to immediate functional loading within the first 24 h after insertion while group 2 (n=40) received conventional implant loading after 12 weeks. The magnitude of orthodontic forces ranged between 1 and 3 N. After orthodontic treatment, the implants were removed with a trephine drill. Histological workup by the cutting and grinding technique was performed for nearly the last third of palatal implants. Outcome variables were clinical implant survival and histological BIC rates.
The implants in both groups were initially stable at the time of insertion. However, 3/36 in group 1 and 1/40 in group 2 were lost. The remaining implants were clinically stable and no mobility was recognized. The median BIC rates were 76% (SD, 25) in group 1 (n=10) and 84% (SD, 13) in group 2 (n=12) (P=0.262; Mann-Whitney U-test, not significant).
The data support the concept of immediate indirect loading on palatal implants with forces of up to 3 N. On histological evaluation, immediate loading yielded similar BIC rates as conventional loading.
分析两种加载方式在人类腭部种植体成功愈合及取出后的临床表现和骨结合率。
2000年至2006年，对两组需要最大支抗的独立患者进行治疗。第1组（n = 36）在植入后的头24小时内进行即刻功能加载，而第2组（n = 40）在12周后接受传统种植体加载。正畸力大小在1至3 N之间。正畸治疗后，用环钻取出种植体。对腭部种植体近最后三分之一部分采用切割和研磨技术进行组织学检查。观察指标为种植体临床存留率和组织学骨结合率。
两组种植体在植入时均初步稳定。然而，第1组36例中有3例、第2组40例中有1例种植体丢失。其余种植体临床稳定，未发现松动。第1组（n = 10）的骨结合率中位数为76%（标准差，25），第2组（n = 12）为84%（标准差，13）（P = 0.262；曼-惠特尼U检验，无显著性差异）。
数据支持对腭部种植体施加高达3 N力的即刻间接加载概念。组织学评估显示，即刻加载与传统加载产生的骨结合率相似。
