Tomberlin Jeffery K, Adler Peter H, Myers Heidi M
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2009 Jun;38(3):930-4. doi: 10.1603/022.038.0347.
The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L., was reared on a grain-based diet at 27, 30, and 36 degrees C. Survival of 4- to 6-d-old larvae to adults averaged 74-97% at 27 and 30 degrees C but was only 0.1% at 36 degrees C. Flies required a mean of approximately 4 d (11%) longer to complete larval and pupal development at 27 degrees C than at 30 degrees C. At 27 and 30 degrees C, females weighed an average of 17-19% more than males but required an average of 0.6-0.8 d (3.0-4.3%) longer to complete larval development. At both temperatures, adult females lived an average of approximately 3.5 d less than adult males. The duration of larval development was a significant predictor of adult longevity. Temperature differences of even 3 degrees C produce significant fitness tradeoffs for males and females, influencing life history attributes and having practical applications for forensic entomology.
黑腹果蝇（Hermetia illucens L.）在以谷物为基础的饲料上，于27、30和36摄氏度的环境中饲养。4至6日龄幼虫发育至成虫的存活率在27摄氏度和30摄氏度时平均为74%至97%，但在36摄氏度时仅为0.1%。与30摄氏度相比，果蝇在27摄氏度时完成幼虫和蛹发育所需的平均时间大约长4天（11%）。在27摄氏度和30摄氏度时，雌性果蝇的平均体重比雄性重17%至19%，但完成幼虫发育所需的平均时间比雄性长0.6至0.8天（3.0%至4.3%）。在这两个温度下，成年雌性果蝇的平均寿命比成年雄性果蝇短约3.5天。幼虫发育的持续时间是成年果蝇寿命的一个重要预测指标。即使3摄氏度的温差也会给雄性和雌性果蝇带来显著的适应性权衡，影响其生活史特征，对法医昆虫学具有实际应用价值。
