Goodman Simon, Haufler Amy, Shim Jae Kun, Hatfieldd Bradley
Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
J Mot Behav. 2009 Jul;41(4):367-82. doi: 10.3200/JMBR.41.4.367-384.
The authors examined the kinematic qualities of the aiming trajectory as related to expertise. In all, 2 phases of the trajectory were discriminated. The first phase was regular approximation to the target accompanied by substantial fluctuations obeying the Weber-Fechner law. During the first phase, shooters did not initiate the triggering despite any random closeness of the aiming point (AP) to the target. In the second phase, beginning at 0.6-0.8 s before the trigger pull, shooters applied a different control strategy: They waited until the following random fluctuation brought the AP closer to the target and then initiated triggering. This strategy is tenable when sensitivity of perception is greater than precision of the motor action, and could be considered a case of stochastic resonance. The strategies that novices and experts used distinguished only in the values of parameters. The authors present an analytical model explaining the main properties of shooting.
作者研究了与专业技能相关的瞄准轨迹的运动学特性。总共区分出轨迹的两个阶段。第一阶段是向目标的规则接近，伴随着遵循韦伯 - 费希纳定律的大幅波动。在第一阶段，尽管瞄准点（AP）与目标有任何随机的接近，射手都不会启动扳机。在第二阶段，在扳机扣动前0.6 - 0.8秒开始，射手采用了不同的控制策略：他们等待直到接下来的随机波动使AP更接近目标，然后启动扳机。当感知灵敏度大于运动动作精度时，这种策略是可行的，并且可以被视为一种随机共振的情况。新手和专家使用的策略仅在参数值上有所不同。作者提出了一个解释射击主要特性的分析模型。
