Mulye Tina Paul, Park M Jane, Nelson Chelsea D, Adams Sally H, Irwin Charles E, Brindis Claire D
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0503, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2009 Jul;45(1):8-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.013.
This review presents a national health profile of adolescents and young adults (ages 10-24). The data presented include trends on demographics, mortality, health-related behaviors, and healthcare access and utilization, as well as the most significant gender and racial/ethnic disparities. Although the data show some improvement, many concerns remain. Encouraging trends-such as decreases in rates of homicide, suicide, and some measures of reproductive health-appear to be leveling off or, in some cases, reversing (e.g., birth and gonorrhea rates). Large disparities, particularly by race/ethnicity and gender, persist in many areas. Access to quality healthcare services remains a challenge, especially during young adulthood. Policy and research recommendations to improve health during these critical periods in the lifespan are outlined.
本综述呈现了青少年和青年(10至24岁)的全国健康概况。所呈现的数据包括人口统计学、死亡率、与健康相关的行为、医疗保健的可及性和利用率等方面的趋势,以及最显著的性别和种族/族裔差异。尽管数据显示出一些改善,但仍存在许多问题。诸如杀人率、自杀率下降以及一些生殖健康指标改善等令人鼓舞的趋势似乎趋于平稳,或者在某些情况下出现逆转(例如出生率和淋病发病率)。在许多领域,尤其是种族/族裔和性别方面,仍然存在巨大差异。获得优质医疗保健服务仍然是一项挑战,特别是在青年期。文中概述了在生命历程中这些关键时期改善健康状况的政策和研究建议。