Dauletkaliyeva Zhaniya, Bolatova Zhanerke, Yerdessov Nurbek, Nukeshtayeva Karina, Zhamantayev Olzhas, Takuadina Aliya, Kayupova Gaukhar
School of Public Health, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, 100008, Kazakhstan.
Department of Informatics and Biostatistics, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, 100008, Kazakhstan.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 25;15(1):3197. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-87049-w.
Comprehensive examinations of health literacy (HL) among students in Kazakhstan are lacking. The existing literature from adult populations in Kazakhstan suggests associations between higher HL and socioeconomic and demographic factors. The HLS19-Q12 tool was used in this study to assess the HL level of 3230 students with various backgrounds. A multivariate linear regression model was used to define determinants of HL. The mean HL score for the total sample was 85.86 ± 18.67 out of 100, which indicates "excellent" level of HL. The highest HL score was in students of Health Sciences field (88.22 ± 17.53), whereas mean HL score in students of Engineering field of study was 83.27 ± 20.07, and it was 86.13 ± 18.11 for the Humanities and Social sciences field of study. The factors negatively associated with HL were region of origin, health information searching, lack of basic life support skills, smoking, self-assessment of health as bad, and missing study days. Students who smoked and used tobacco for 6 days per week had a significantly lower HL. Interaction analysis showed positive three-way interaction for male students over 19 years studying in Engineering field. Socioeconomic factors, regional disparities, and health behaviors significantly influenced HL, with lower scores observed among students from the West region, rural areas, and those with unhealthy behaviors or low socioeconomic status. The following factors were positively associated with HL in this study: field of education, affordability of medical examination and treatment, social connections and support, age, and social status. This study will allow future research and youth health promotion programs to make decisions based on the field of study and the factors that negatively and positively influence HL.
哈萨克斯坦缺乏对学生健康素养（HL）的全面检查。哈萨克斯坦现有关于成年人口的文献表明，较高的健康素养与社会经济和人口因素之间存在关联。本研究使用HLS19 - Q12工具评估了3230名背景各异的学生的健康素养水平。采用多元线性回归模型来确定健康素养的决定因素。总样本的平均健康素养得分为85.86±18.67（满分100分），这表明健康素养处于“优秀”水平。健康科学领域的学生健康素养得分最高（88.22±17.53），而工程学专业学生的平均健康素养得分为83.27±20.07，人文与社会科学专业学生的平均健康素养得分为86.13±18.11。与健康素养呈负相关的因素包括原籍地区、健康信息搜索、缺乏基本生命支持技能、吸烟、自我评估健康状况差以及缺课天数。每周吸烟6天及使用烟草的学生健康素养显著较低。交互分析显示，19岁以上在工程学专业学习的男学生存在正向的三因素交互作用。社会经济因素、地区差异和健康行为对健康素养有显著影响，西部地区、农村地区以及有不健康行为或社会经济地位较低的学生得分较低。本研究中与健康素养呈正相关的因素包括教育领域、医疗检查和治疗的可承受性、社会关系和支持、年龄以及社会地位。这项研究将使未来的研究和青少年健康促进项目能够根据学习领域以及对健康素养产生正负影响的因素做出决策。
