Lykken D T
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 1991 Jul-Sep;26(3):214-22. doi: 10.1007/BF02912513.
The accuracy of polygraphic lie detection in real life applications is very little better than chance. Yet, at least in the United States, many agencies and the polygraphers themselves have great faith in the technique. The reasons why polygraph examiners, and their clients, genuinely believe in the myth of the polygraph are explained and illustrated. A more plausible method of polygraphic interrogation, the Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT), is described and it is shown how the GKT, but not the lie test, might have resolved doubts about the case of Demjanjuk, the alleged "Ivan the Terrible."
在现实生活应用中，测谎仪进行测谎的准确性仅略高于随机概率。然而，至少在美国，许多机构以及测谎仪操作人员自身对这项技术深信不疑。文中解释并举例说明了测谎仪操作人员及其客户真心相信测谎仪神话的原因。还介绍了一种更具可信度的测谎方法——犯罪知识测试（GKT），并指出GKT而非普通测谎测试，本可消除对被指控为“恐怖的伊凡”的德米扬鲁克一案的疑虑。
