School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
Prev Med. 2009 Aug-Sep;49(2-3):184-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.010. Epub 2009 Jun 23.
To investigate the relationship between vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a case-control study was conducted in central Japan in 2006.
A total of 278 referred patients with COPD diagnosed within the past four years and 340 community-based controls undertook spirometric measurements of respiratory function. A structured questionnaire was administered face-to-face to obtain information on demographics, lifestyle and habitual food consumption.
The mean vegetable and fruit intakes of cases (155.62 (SD 88.84) and 248.32 (SD 188.17) g/day) were significantly lower (p<0.01) than controls (199.14 (SD 121.41) and 304.09 (SD 253.72) g/day). A substantial reduction in COPD risk was found by increasing daily total vegetable intake, p for trend=0.037. The prevalence of breathlessness also decreased with vegetable consumption, the adjusted odds ratio being 0.49 (95% CI 0.27-0.88) for the highest versus lowest quartile of intake. However, the effects of fruit consumption were not significant. Among the nutrients contained in vegetables and fruits, vitamin A was particularly significant (p=0.008) with an estimated 52% reduction in COPD risk at the highest level of intake.
The study provided evidence of an inverse association between vegetable consumption and the risk of COPD for Japanese adults.
为了探究蔬菜和水果的摄入量与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)风险之间的关系,我们于 2006 年在日本中部地区开展了一项病例对照研究。
共有 278 名在过去四年内确诊的 COPD 转诊患者和 340 名社区对照者接受了呼吸系统功能的肺活量测定。通过面对面的方式,使用一份结构化问卷获取了有关人口统计学、生活方式和习惯性食物摄入的信息。
病例组的蔬菜和水果摄入量平均值(155.62(SD 88.84)和 248.32(SD 188.17)g/天)显著低于对照组(199.14(SD 121.41)和 304.09(SD 253.72)g/天)(p<0.01)。随着每日总蔬菜摄入量的增加,COPD 风险显著降低,趋势检验 p 值为 0.037。蔬菜摄入量与呼吸困难的发生率呈负相关,最高摄入量 quartile 与最低摄入量 quartile 相比,调整后的比值比为 0.49(95%CI 0.27-0.88)。然而,水果摄入量的影响并不显著。在蔬菜和水果中所含的营养素中,维生素 A 具有特别显著的效果(p=0.008),摄入最高水平时 COPD 风险降低 52%。
该研究为日本成年人中蔬菜摄入量与 COPD 风险之间存在负相关关系提供了证据。