Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre - Respiratory, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Eur Respir Rev. 2023 Jun 7;32(168). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0003-2023. Print 2023 Jun 30.
In 2014, the European Respiratory Society published a statement on nutritional assessment and therapy in COPD. Since then, increasing research has been performed on the role of diet and nutrition in the prevention and management of COPD. Here, we provide an overview of recent scientific advances and clinical implications. Evidence for a potential role of diet and nutrition as a risk factor in the development of COPD has been accumulating and is reflected in the dietary patterns of patients with COPD. Consuming a healthy diet should, therefore, be promoted in patients with COPD. Distinct COPD phenotypes have been identified incorporating nutritional status, ranging from cachexia and frailty to obesity. The importance of body composition assessment and the need for tailored nutritional screening instruments is further highlighted. Dietary interventions and targeted single or multi-nutrient supplementation can be beneficial when optimal timing is considered. The therapeutic window of opportunity for nutritional interventions during and recovering from an acute exacerbation and hospitalisation is underexplored.
2014 年，欧洲呼吸学会发布了一份关于 COPD 营养评估和治疗的声明。自那时以来，越来越多的研究致力于饮食和营养在 COPD 的预防和管理中的作用。在这里，我们提供了最新科学进展和临床意义的概述。饮食和营养作为 COPD 发病的危险因素的潜在作用的证据不断增加，并反映在 COPD 患者的饮食模式中。因此，应在 COPD 患者中提倡健康饮食。已经确定了包含营养状况的不同 COPD 表型，从恶病质和衰弱到肥胖。进一步强调了身体成分评估的重要性和对量身定制的营养筛查工具的需求。当考虑到最佳时机时，饮食干预和针对单一或多种营养素的补充可能是有益的。在急性加重和住院期间及之后进行营养干预的治疗窗机会尚未得到充分探索。
