Pinho R S, Oliveira A F M, Silva S I
Laboratório de Recursos Econômicos e Fitoquímica, Departamento de Biologia, Area de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP: 52.171-900, Recife-PE, Brazil.
Bioresour Technol. 2009 Dec;100(23):6114-7. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.06.010. Epub 2009 Jul 3.
The caatinga semi-arid ecosystem of northeastern Brazil is characterized by a dry, spiny and predominantly deciduous shrub/forest vegetation, and many species there are potential sources of renewable resources for the oleochemical industry. The present research determined the oil content and fatty acid profiles of seeds from eight caatinga species. Seed oils were extracted in a Soxhlet system, and their fatty acid content identified by GC-MS. Oil content varied between 20.2% in Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart.) Standl. (Bignoniaceae) and 46.4% in Barnebya harleyi (W.R. Anderson & B. Gates) Malpighiaceae. Anemopaegma laeve DC. (Bignoniaceae) had the highest oleic acid content (63.4%), while high levels of linoleic acid were found in Banisteriopsis pubipetala (Juss.) Cuatrec. (42.8%) and B. harleyi (31.9%) (both Malpighiaceae). Palmitic acid was the major fatty acid (50%) in Hippocratea volubilis (L.) (Celastraceae). High levels of linoleic and linolenic acids were found in Croton adamantinus Mull. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae), averaging 44.2% and 45.2% respectively. Gadoleic acid in was the most abundant fatty acid in the oil produced by Serjania lethalis A. St. Hill. (Sapindaceae), averaging 69.6%. B. pubipetala, B. harleyi, C. adamantinus, and H. volubilis were identified as promising species for cultivation.
巴西东北部的卡廷加半干旱生态系统的特点是植被干燥多刺，主要为落叶灌木/森林植被，那里的许多物种是油脂化学工业可再生资源的潜在来源。本研究测定了8种卡廷加物种种子的含油量和脂肪酸谱。种子油在索氏提取系统中提取，其脂肪酸含量通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪鉴定。含油量在紫葳科的锈毛风铃木（Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart.) Standl.）的20.2%至金虎尾科的哈利金虎尾（Barnebya harleyi (W.R. Anderson & B. Gates)）的46.4%之间变化。光叶风车子（Anemopaegma laeve DC.）（紫葳科）的油酸含量最高（63.4%），而多毛南美蛇根草（Banisteriopsis pubipetala (Juss.) Cuatrec.）（42.8%）和哈利金虎尾（31.9%）（均为金虎尾科）中发现了高水平的亚油酸。棕榈酸是缠绕叶下珠（Hippocratea volubilis (L.)）（卫矛科）中的主要脂肪酸（50%）。在铁硬巴豆（Croton adamantinus Mull. Arg.）（大戟科）中发现了高水平的亚油酸和亚麻酸，平均分别为44.2%和45.2%。致死瓜瓶藤（Serjania lethalis A. St. Hill.）（无患子科）所产油脂中，二十碳烯酸是最丰富的脂肪酸，平均含量为69.6%。多毛南美蛇根草、哈利金虎尾铁硬巴豆和缠绕叶下珠被确定为有前景的种植物种。
