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针对患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)和行为问题的波多黎各学龄前儿童的亲子互动疗法:一项初步疗效研究。

Parent-child interaction therapy for Puerto Rican preschool children with ADHD and behavior problems: a pilot efficacy study.

作者信息

Matos Maribel, Bauermeister José J, Bernal Guillermo

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University Center for Psychological Services and Research, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.

出版信息

Fam Process. 2009 Jun;48(2):232-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2009.01279.x.

Abstract

This study evaluates the initial efficacy of the Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) for Puerto Rican preschool children aged 4-6 years with a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), combined or predominantly hyperactive type, and significant behavior problems. Thirty-two families were randomly assigned to PCIT (n = 20) or a 3.5-month waiting-list condition (WL; n = 12). Participants from both groups completed pretreatment and posttreatment assessments. Outcome measures included child's ADHD symptoms and behavior problems, parent or family functioning, and parents' satisfaction with treatment. ANCOVAs with pretreatment measures entered as covariates were significant for all posttreatment outcomes, except mother's depression, and in the expected direction (p < .01). Mothers reported a highly significant reduction in pretreatment hyperactivity and inattention and less aggressive and oppositional-defiant behaviors, conduct problems assessed as problematic, parenting stress associated with their child's behavior, and an increase in the use of adequate parenting practices. For the WL group, there were no clinically significant changes in any measure. Treatment gains obtained after treatment were maintained at a 3.5-month follow-up assessment. PCIT seems to be an efficacious intervention for Puerto Rican families who have young children with significant behavior problems.

摘要

本研究评估亲子互动疗法(PCIT)对4至6岁患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)(混合型或主要为多动型)且存在严重行为问题的波多黎各学龄前儿童的初始疗效。32个家庭被随机分配至PCIT组(n = 20)或为期3.5个月的等待名单组(WL;n = 12)。两组参与者均完成了治疗前和治疗后的评估。结果指标包括儿童的ADHD症状和行为问题、父母或家庭功能以及父母对治疗的满意度。以治疗前测量值作为协变量的协方差分析对所有治疗后结果均具有显著性,但母亲的抑郁情况除外,且结果符合预期方向(p <.01)。母亲报告称,治疗前的多动和注意力不集中情况显著减少,攻击性行为和对立违抗行为减少,被评估为有问题的品行问题、与孩子行为相关的育儿压力减轻,且适当育儿行为的使用有所增加。对于等待名单组,任何测量指标均未出现具有临床意义的变化。治疗后获得的治疗效果在3.5个月的随访评估中得以维持。对于有年幼且存在严重行为问题孩子的波多黎各家庭而言,PCIT似乎是一种有效的干预措施。

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