Campbell Shawna M, Hawes Tanya, Swan Kellie, Thomas Rae, Zimmer-Gembeck Melanie J
School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
Tropical Australian Academic Health Centre, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2023 Jul 12;16:2599-2617. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S360302. eCollection 2023.
Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an intensive parent support program for caregivers and their children who exhibit difficult-to-manage disruptive behaviors. After more than four decades of research supporting its efficacy for reducing children's disruptive behaviors and improving parent-child relationships, PCIT has become one of the most popular and widely disseminated parenting support programs in the world. The evidence for the efficacy of PCIT can be found in many reviews of randomized clinical trials and other rigorous studies. To add to those reviews, our aim was to provide practical guidance on how PCIT can be part of an evidence-based program for families that depends on practitioner expertise, as well as attention to families' diverse needs. To do this, we describe the evolution of PCIT as practiced in a university-community partnership that has continued for over 20 years, alongside a narrative description of selected and recent findings on PCIT and its use in specific client presentations across four themes. These themes include studies of 1) whether the standard manualized form of PCIT is efficacious across a selection of diverse family situations and child diagnoses, 2) the mechanisms of change that explain why some parents and some children might benefit more or less from PCIT, 3) whether treatment content modifications make PCIT more feasible to implement or acceptable to some families, at the same time as achieving the same or better outcomes, and 4) whether PCIT with structural modifications to the delivery, such as online or intensive delivery, yields similar outcomes as standard PCIT. Finally, we discuss how these directions in research have influenced research and practice, and end with a summary of how the growing attention on parent and child emotion regulation and parents' responses to (and coaching of) their children's emotions has become important to PCIT theory and our practice.
亲子互动疗法（PCIT）是一项针对照顾者及其表现出难以管理的破坏性行为的孩子的强化家长支持项目。经过四十多年的研究证明其在减少儿童破坏性行为和改善亲子关系方面的有效性后，PCIT已成为世界上最受欢迎且传播最广泛的育儿支持项目之一。PCIT有效性的证据可见于许多随机临床试验和其他严谨研究的综述中。为了补充这些综述，我们的目标是提供关于PCIT如何能够成为一个基于证据的家庭项目一部分的实用指导，该项目依赖从业者的专业知识以及对家庭多样化需求的关注。为此，我们描述了在一个持续了20多年的大学 - 社区合作关系中实践的PCIT的演变，同时对PCIT及其在四个主题下特定客户案例中的应用的选定和最新研究结果进行了叙述性描述。这些主题包括：1）PCIT的标准手册化形式在各种不同家庭情况和儿童诊断中是否有效；2）解释为什么有些家长和孩子可能从PCIT中受益更多或更少的改变机制；3）治疗内容的修改是否能使PCIT在实现相同或更好结果的同时，更易于实施或为一些家庭所接受；4）对实施方式进行结构调整的PCIT，如在线或强化实施，是否能产生与标准PCIT相似的结果。最后，我们讨论这些研究方向如何影响了研究和实践，并以对亲子情绪调节以及家长对孩子情绪的反应（和指导）日益受到关注如何对PCIT理论和我们的实践变得重要的总结作为结尾。
