Coy K M, Maurer G, Siegel R J
Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991 Dec;18(7):1811-23. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(91)90525-e.
Catheter-based intravascular ultrasound imaging has evolved from a research tool to a device that has received Food and Drug Administration approval. Although it is currently employed as an adjunct to contrast angiography in both the peripheral and the coronary circulation, the indications for its use and its clinical utility have yet to be defined. Much of the research on the technique has explored its qualitative and quantitative capabilities to improve the assessment of atherosclerotic vascular disease. There is the hope that this imaging technique may ultimately improve the performance of endovascular interventions. This review describes the development of the technology from early in vitro validation studies to its present use in human subjects. Wherever possible, studies that validate the findings (that is, by comparison with histopathology results) of intravascular ultrasound are emphasized. Although there is great promise for this technology, limitations such as loss of image quality in severely diseased or heavily calcified vessels hinder its use. The application of imaging with endovascular intervention, imaging of intracardiac structures and the pulmonary circulation and new techniques such as computer image analysis are discussed.
基于导管的血管内超声成像已从一种研究工具发展成为一种获得美国食品药品监督管理局批准的设备。尽管目前它在外周循环和冠状动脉循环中都被用作对比血管造影的辅助手段，但其使用指征和临床效用尚未明确。对该技术的许多研究都探索了其定性和定量能力，以改善对动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病的评估。人们希望这种成像技术最终可能会提高血管内介入治疗的效果。这篇综述描述了该技术从早期的体外验证研究到目前在人体中的应用的发展历程。只要有可能，就会强调那些验证血管内超声检查结果（即通过与组织病理学结果进行比较）的研究。尽管这项技术前景广阔，但诸如在严重病变或重度钙化血管中图像质量下降等局限性阻碍了其应用。文中还讨论了血管内介入成像、心内结构和肺循环成像以及计算机图像分析等新技术。
