INSERM U687-IFR69, Villejuif, F-94807, France.
Psychol Med. 2010 Mar;40(3):405-13. doi: 10.1017/S0033291709990432. Epub 2009 Jul 17.
The psychosocial vulnerability model of hostility posits that hostile individuals, given their oppositional attitudes and behaviours, are more likely to have increased interpersonal conflicts, lower social support, more stressful life events (SL-E) and higher likelihood of depression. However, little research has tested this hypothesis using large-scale prospective samples. The present study aims to assess the predictive value of hostility for depressive mood.
Data are from 3399 participants in the Whitehall II cohort study, aged 35-55 years at baseline (phase 1 1985-1988). Cynical hostility was measured at phase 1. Depressive mood was assessed at phase 7 (2002-2004). Sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviours, common mental disorders and antidepressant medication intake were assessed at phase 1. SL-E and confiding/emotional support were measured at phases 1, 2 (1989-1990) and 5 (1997-1999).
Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of cynical hostility, those in the highest quartiles were more likely to have depressive mood [second quartile: odds ratio (OR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-2.20; third quartile: OR 2.78, 95% CI 2.03-3.77; fourth quartile: OR 4.66, 95% CI 3.41-6.36] in analysis adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. This graded association was somewhat attenuated (18%) but remained robust to adjustments for the covariates measured at baseline and follow-up. The association was also evident in participants free of mental health difficulties at baseline.
Cynical hostility is a strong and robust predictor of depressive mood. Consideration of personality characteristics may be crucial to the understanding and management of depression.
敌对心理的社会心理脆弱模型假设，具有敌对态度和行为的敌对个体更有可能增加人际冲突、降低社会支持、经历更多的生活应激事件（SL-E），并且更有可能抑郁。然而，很少有研究使用大规模前瞻性样本来检验这一假设。本研究旨在评估敌意对抑郁情绪的预测价值。
数据来自 Whitehall II 队列研究的 3399 名参与者，他们在基线时（第 1 阶段，1985-1988 年）年龄为 35-55 岁。在第 1 阶段测量了愤世嫉俗的敌意。在第 7 阶段（2002-2004 年）评估了抑郁情绪。在第 1 阶段评估了社会人口特征、健康相关行为、常见精神障碍和抗抑郁药物的使用情况。在第 1、2（1989-1990 年）和 5（1997-1999 年）阶段测量了 SL-E 和倾诉/情感支持。
与愤世嫉俗敌意最低四分位数的参与者相比，处于最高四分位数的参与者更有可能出现抑郁情绪[第二四分位数：优势比（OR）1.58，95%置信区间（CI）1.14-2.20；第三四分位数：OR 2.78，95% CI 2.03-3.77；第四四分位数：OR 4.66，95% CI 3.41-6.36]，这一分析调整了社会人口特征。这种分级关联略有减弱（18%），但在调整基线和随访时测量的协变量后仍然稳健。在基线时没有心理健康问题的参与者中也存在这种关联。
愤世嫉俗的敌意是抑郁情绪的一个强烈而稳健的预测指标。考虑人格特征对于理解和管理抑郁可能至关重要。
