Inagaki Naoki, Nagai Hiroichi
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Bioactive Molecules, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
J Pharmacol Sci. 2009 Jul;110(3):251-9. doi: 10.1254/jphs.09r01fm.
Animal models for human diseases are important for the elucidation of mechanisms involved in as well as for the establishment of effective treatment strategies for the diseases. Many mouse allergic dermatitis models have been established and applied for the development of remedies for human allergic dermatitis. One of the simplest allergic cutaneous reaction models is passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Skin mast cells passively sensitized with antigen-specific IgE are activated upon antigen challenge to cause vascular permeability increase. The triphasic cutaneous reaction is another interesting model in which triphasic cutaneous swelling appears in mice passively sensitized with IgE upon challenge with specific antigen. Recently, many allergic dermatitis models have been established by repeated antigen exposure. Although the induced dermatitis seems to be complex, these models may possess the characteristic features observed in patients. Naturally occurring dermatitis model mice such as NC/Nga, NOA, and DS-Nh mice, and gene-knockout and transgenic mice exhibiting spontaneous dermatitis are also known. Establishment and characterization of the mouse dermatitis models seem to be important for understanding dermatitis and development of new strategies for the treatment of these diseases.
人类疾病的动物模型对于阐明疾病相关机制以及建立有效的治疗策略至关重要。已经建立了许多小鼠过敏性皮炎模型，并应用于人类过敏性皮炎治疗方法的开发。最简单的过敏性皮肤反应模型之一是被动皮肤过敏反应。用抗原特异性IgE被动致敏的皮肤肥大细胞在受到抗原攻击时被激活，导致血管通透性增加。三相皮肤反应是另一个有趣的模型，在用IgE被动致敏的小鼠受到特定抗原攻击时会出现三相皮肤肿胀。最近，通过反复接触抗原建立了许多过敏性皮炎模型。尽管诱导的皮炎似乎很复杂，但这些模型可能具有在患者中观察到的特征。天然存在的皮炎模型小鼠，如NC/Nga、NOA和DS-Nh小鼠，以及表现出自发性皮炎的基因敲除和转基因小鼠也为人所知。小鼠皮炎模型的建立和特征分析对于理解皮炎以及开发这些疾病的新治疗策略似乎很重要。
