Uzun Ozge, Aylaz Rukuye, Karadağ Ezgi
Nursing Department, T.C. Inönü University Malatya School of Health, Malatya, Turkey.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2009 Jul-Aug;36(4):404-11. doi: 10.1097/WON.0b013e3181aaf524.
The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of an educational intervention on the incidence of stage II pressure ulcers (PUs) in adult patients in intensive care units (ICUs) in a Turkish medical center.
This was a prospective study of patients admitted to ICUs. Data were collected over a 3-month period. Subjects were assessed using the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk to determine the risk for developing a PU; assessment was completed within the first 24 hours of admission and each 48 hours thereafter for a maximum of 12 weeks. Educational intervention was employed: Intervention included education of ICU nurses about PU prevention and risk assessment; and following the educational intervention and implementation of the PU prevention protocol in all ICUs, data were collected for study period II.
The sample comprised 186 patients admitted to critical care units of a Turkish medical center. Ninety-three subjects participated in a preintervention comparison group, and 93 subjects participated in an intervention group.
Data were collected using a demographic and clinical data form, a nursing intervention checklist, and the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk.
Stage II PUs were observed in a total of 50 patients for the overall sample. The most common site was the sacrococcygeal area, which accounted for 46% of ulcers. A statistically significant difference was observed when the rate of stage II PUs in the comparison group, 37% (34 of 93 patients), was compared to the rate in the intervention group, 17% (16 of 93 patients) (chi2 = 8.86, df = 1, P < .01).
Education regarding preventive care can be effective in reducing the incidence of PUs in the ICU setting. Therefore, education about risk assessment and PU prevention should be a priority for nurses in critical care settings.
本研究旨在确定一项教育干预措施对土耳其一家医疗中心重症监护病房（ICU）成年患者Ⅱ期压疮（PU）发生率的影响。
这是一项对入住ICU患者的前瞻性研究。数据收集期为3个月。使用Braden压疮风险预测量表对受试者进行评估，以确定发生PU的风险；评估在入院后的头24小时内完成，此后每48小时评估一次，最长持续12周。采用了教育干预措施：干预包括对ICU护士进行PU预防和风险评估教育；在所有ICU实施教育干预并执行PU预防方案后，收集研究期II的数据。
样本包括土耳其一家医疗中心重症监护病房收治的186例患者。93名受试者参与干预前比较组，93名受试者参与干预组。
使用人口统计学和临床数据表格、护理干预清单以及Braden压疮风险预测量表收集数据。
整个样本中共有50例患者出现Ⅱ期PU。最常见的部位是骶尾部，占溃疡的46%。比较组Ⅱ期PU发生率为37%（93例患者中的34例），干预组为17%（93例患者中的16例），两组之间观察到统计学上的显著差异（χ2 = 8.86，自由度 = 1，P < .01）。
关于预防护理的教育可有效降低ICU环境中PU的发生率。因此，对重症监护环境中的护士而言，风险评估和PU预防教育应成为优先事项。
