Mersin Universitesi Tip Fakültesi Araştirma Hastanesi, Yara Bakim Unitesi, Zeytinlibahçe Sk Eski Otogar Yani, Mersin, Turkey.
J Clin Nurs. 2009 Mar;18(5):765-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02598.x. Epub 2008 Nov 29.
To determine incidence of pressure ulcers in patients at risk according to the Waterlow scale in intensive care units and to evaluate the effects of risk factors in critically ill patients.
Pressure ulcers continue to be an important health problem that increases the risk of illness and death, extends patients' length of hospital stay and increases healthcare expenses.
The study was conducted as a descriptive and prospective study.
The sample consisted of 140 patients. Data were collected using a data collection form, the skin assessment instrument and the Waterlow scale.
The incidence of pressure ulcers in intensive care unit patients was found to be 14.3%. The majority of pressure ulcers (74%) were grade I. The mean length of time for pressure ulcer development was found to be 10.4 (SD 1.85) days. A statistically significant difference was found in the patients for pressure ulcer development according to their level of consciousness, activity, cooperation, length of stay, Waterlow scale score and C-reactive protein level. In the multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis, the most influential factors for pressure ulcer development were determined to be length of stay and activity level.
Extra care needs to be taken to prevent pressure ulcer development in intensive care unit patients who have an extended length of stay, are dependent for activities, have high Waterlow scores, are unconscious and are not cooperative.
This study determined the incidence of and factors that can affect the development of pressure ulcers in intensive care unit patients who are in a high risk group for the development of pressure ulcers and presented the importance of having Turkish nurses implement interventions directed at these factors.
根据 Waterlow 量表确定重症监护病房高危患者的压疮发生率，并评估危重症患者的风险因素的影响。
压疮仍然是一个重要的健康问题，它会增加疾病和死亡的风险，延长患者的住院时间，并增加医疗保健费用。
本研究为描述性和前瞻性研究。
样本由 140 名患者组成。使用数据收集表、皮肤评估工具和 Waterlow 量表收集数据。
发现重症监护病房患者的压疮发生率为 14.3%。大多数压疮（74%）为 1 级。压疮发展的平均时间为 10.4（SD 1.85）天。根据患者的意识水平、活动能力、合作程度、住院时间、Waterlow 量表评分和 C 反应蛋白水平，发现患者发生压疮的差异具有统计学意义。在多步逻辑回归分析中，确定影响压疮发展的最主要因素为住院时间和活动水平。
对于需要长时间住院、活动能力依赖、Waterlow 评分高、意识不清和不合作的重症监护病房患者，需要特别注意预防压疮的发生。
本研究确定了重症监护病房高危压疮患者的压疮发生率及影响压疮发生的因素，并强调了土耳其护士实施针对这些因素的干预措施的重要性。
