Fu Shi-ying, Li Wei-min, Cao Ya-min, Zhao Yu-juan, Dong Li-hang, Zhao Jing-bo, Yang Bao-feng
Cardiovascular Institute of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2009 May;48(5):375-9.
To assess the epidemiological characteristics of hypertension and its attributing factors in Heilongjiang province and establish a comprehensive basis for the prevention and control of hypertension in this region.
Using the stratified chunk method, a survey lasting 50 years was conducted on a sample of 299 677 (including 158 782 males and 140 895 females) patients, aged 15 and above, residing in both rural and urban areas of Heilongjiang province from 1958 to 2007. Both blood pressure measurement and analysis on attributing factors of hypertension were carried out in 1958, 1979, 1991, 1999 and 2007.
The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in Heilongjiang than in other provinces. It elevated annually, reaching a 3-fold increase in 50 years with an accelerating pace (17.06% to 25.69%) in the recent 8 years. Among the people examined, the prevalence of hypertension increased with aging. Furthermore, the prevalence of hypertension varied among different professions. Office workers had the highest prevalence (41.67%). Compared with; female population, male participants had a much higher prevalence before the age of 55 (P<0.0001). Body mass index, gender, hypertriglyceridemia, age, low-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and family history were identified as major risk factors for the development of hypertension in Heilongjiang province. However, the awareness (48.90%), treatment (25.33%) and control (4.32%) rates of hypertension in this region were relatively low.
The results of the present study identified Heilongjiang province as a high-risk region for hypertension. It also suggests the necessity to plan and implement actions for the effective prevention and treatment of hypertension in this region.
评估黑龙江省高血压的流行病学特征及其影响因素，为该地区高血压的预防和控制建立全面依据。
采用分层整群抽样法，于1958年至2007年对黑龙江省城乡15岁及以上的299677名患者（包括158782名男性和140895名女性）进行了为期50年的调查。在1958年、1979年、1991年、1999年和2007年进行了血压测量及高血压影响因素分析。
黑龙江省高血压患病率显著高于其他省份。患病率逐年上升，50年间增长了3倍，近8年增速加快（从17.06%增至25.69%）。在受检人群中，高血压患病率随年龄增长而升高。此外，不同职业人群的高血压患病率存在差异。办公室职员患病率最高（41.67%）。与女性人群相比，男性在55岁之前患病率更高（P<0.0001）。体重指数、性别、高甘油三酯血症、年龄、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及家族史被确定为黑龙江省高血压发生的主要危险因素。然而，该地区高血压的知晓率（48.90%）、治疗率（25.33%）和控制率（4.32%）相对较低。
本研究结果表明黑龙江省是高血压高风险地区。这也提示有必要规划并实施有效预防和治疗该地区高血压的行动。
