Salas Fernandez Maria G, Becraft Philip W, Yin Yanhai, Lübberstedt Thomas
Department of Agronomy, 1126E Agronomy Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Trends Plant Sci. 2009 Aug;14(8):454-61. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2009.06.005. Epub 2009 Jul 16.
The increasing demand for lignocellulosic biomass for the production of biofuels provides value to vegetative plant tissue and leads to a paradigm shift for optimizing plant architecture in bioenergy crops. Plant height (PHT) is among the most important biomass yield components and is the focus of this review, with emphasis on the energy grasses maize (Zea mays) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). We discuss the scientific advances in the identification of PHT quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and the understanding of pathways and genes controlling PHT, especially gibberellins and brassinosteroids. We consider pleiotropic effects of QTLs or genes affecting PHT on other agronomically important traits and, finally, we discuss strategies for applying this knowledge to the improvement of dual-purpose or dedicated bioenergy crops.
对用于生产生物燃料的木质纤维素生物质的需求不断增加，这赋予了植物营养组织价值，并导致了生物能源作物优化植株结构的范式转变。株高（PHT）是最重要的生物量产量构成要素之一，也是本综述的重点，重点关注能源草类玉米（Zea mays）和高粱（Sorghum bicolor）。我们讨论了在鉴定PHT数量性状基因座（QTL）方面的科学进展，以及对控制PHT的途径和基因的理解，特别是赤霉素和油菜素内酯。我们考虑了影响PHT的QTL或基因对其他重要农艺性状的多效性影响，最后，我们讨论了将这些知识应用于改良两用或专用生物能源作物的策略。
