Gogas H, Eggermont A M M, Hauschild A, Hersey P, Mohr P, Schadendorf D, Spatz A, Dummer R
First Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece.
Ann Oncol. 2009 Aug;20 Suppl 6(Suppl 6):vi8-13. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdp251.
Biomarkers are tumour- or host-related factors that correlate with tumour biological behaviour and patient prognosis. High-throughput analytical techniques--DNA and RNA microarrays--have identified numerous possible biomarkers, but their relevance to melanoma progression, clinical outcome and the selection of optimal treatment strategies still needs to be established. The review discusses a possible molecular basis for predictive tissue biomarkers such as melanoma thickness, ulceration and mitotic activity, and provides a list of promising new biomarkers identified from tissue microarrays that needs confirmation by independent, prospectively collected clinical data sets. In addition, common predictive serum biomarkers--lactate dehydrogenase, S100B and melanoma-inhibiting activity--as well as selected investigational serum biomarkers such as TA90IC and YKL-40 are also reviewed. A more accurate, therapeutically predictive classification of human melanomas and selection of patient populations that would profit from therapeutic interventions are among the major challenges expected to be addressed in the future.
生物标志物是与肿瘤生物学行为和患者预后相关的肿瘤或宿主相关因素。高通量分析技术——DNA和RNA微阵列——已鉴定出众多可能的生物标志物，但其与黑色素瘤进展、临床结局以及最佳治疗策略选择的相关性仍有待确定。本综述讨论了预测性组织生物标志物（如黑色素瘤厚度、溃疡和有丝分裂活性）的可能分子基础，并提供了一份从组织微阵列中鉴定出的有前景的新生物标志物清单，这些标志物需要通过独立的前瞻性收集的临床数据集进行确认。此外，还综述了常见的预测性血清生物标志物——乳酸脱氢酶、S100B和黑色素瘤抑制活性——以及选定的研究性血清生物标志物，如TA90IC和YKL-40。对人类黑色素瘤进行更准确的、具有治疗预测性的分类，以及选择能从治疗干预中获益的患者群体，是未来预计要解决的主要挑战之一。
