Tapsall John
Department of Microbiology, SEALS, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2009 Mar;33(1):1-9.
In 2007 there were 281 laboratory-confirmed cases of invasive meningococcal disease analysed by the National Neisseria Network, a nationwide network of reference laboratories. The phenotypes (serogroup, serotype and serosubtype) and antibiotic susceptibility of 154 isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from invasive cases of meningococcal disease were determined and an additional 127 cases were confirmed by non-culture based methods. Nationally, 223 (85%) confirmed cases where a serogroup was determined were infected with serogroup B and 17 (6.5%) with serogroup C meningococci. The total number of confirmed cases was 10 more than the 271 cases identified in 2006. Queensland and New South Wales recorded slight increases in case numbers and Victoria recorded a decline. Typical primary and secondary disease peaks were observed in those aged 4 years or less and in adolescents and young adults respectively. Serogroup B cases predominated in all age groups and jurisdictions. The common phenotypes circulating in Australia were B:15:P1.7, B:4:P1.4 and C:2a:P1.5. No evidence of meningococcal capsular 'switching' was detected. About three-quarters of all isolates showed decreased susceptibility to the penicillin group of antibiotics (MIC 0.06-0.5 mg/L). All isolates remained susceptible to rifampicin. A single serogroup B isolate had decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.06 mg/L). This was the first local isolate of this type since the original report of this phenomenon in Australia in 2000.
2007年，国家奈瑟菌网络（一个全国性的参考实验室网络）分析了281例实验室确诊的侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病病例。确定了154株来自侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病病例的脑膜炎奈瑟菌分离株的表型（血清群、血清型和血清亚型）及抗生素敏感性，另外127例通过非培养方法确诊。在全国范围内，223例（85%）确定血清群的确诊病例感染了B群脑膜炎球菌，17例（6.5%）感染了C群脑膜炎球菌。确诊病例总数比2006年确定的271例多10例。昆士兰州和新南威尔士州的病例数略有增加，维多利亚州的病例数有所下降。分别在4岁及以下儿童和青少年及青年中观察到典型的原发性和继发性疾病高峰。B群病例在所有年龄组和司法管辖区中占主导地位。在澳大利亚传播的常见表型为B:15:P1.7、B:4:P1.4和C:2a:P1.5。未检测到脑膜炎球菌荚膜“转换”的证据。所有分离株中约四分之三对青霉素类抗生素的敏感性降低（最低抑菌浓度为0.06 - 0.5毫克/升）。所有分离株对利福平仍敏感。一株B群分离株对环丙沙星的敏感性降低（最低抑菌浓度为0.06毫克/升）。这是自2000年澳大利亚首次报告该现象以来的首例此类本地分离株。
