Wong Del P, Wong Stephen H S
Department of Health and Physical Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong, China.
J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Aug;23(5):1383-90. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a4f074.
The purposes of this study were to provide information about the physiological characteristics of Asian elite youth soccer players (a) for strength and conditioning specialists to design training program based on players' physiological characteristics and b) for coach to design an appropriate play tactic. Sixteen Chinese elite youth male players (height: 173 +/- 5.2 cm; weight: 64.2 +/- 8.1 kg; and age: 16.2 +/- 0.6 years) from the U-17 national team participated in the following tests in the current study: (a) maximal vertical jump, (b) isokinetic muscular strength tests of knee joint at angular velocities of 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 degrees x s, (c) maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), (d) 1 repetition maximum (1RM) strength test, and (e) 30-m sprint. Compared with European and African players, Asian youth players have less jump height and shorter body height. They also have poor performance in isokinetic muscular strength of quadriceps and hamstrings (especially at high speed), VO2max, 1RM strength test, sprint starts, and 20- to 30-m sprints. A specialized training in jumping performance, high-speed movement, muscular strength at high contraction speed, endurance running, short distance sprint (i.e., 5 m), and 20- to 30-m sprints are recommended for Asian elite youth soccer players (or players with similar physique and ability).
(a) 为体能训练专家提供有关亚洲精英青年足球运动员生理特征的信息，以便他们根据运动员的生理特征设计训练计划；(b) 为教练提供信息，以便他们设计合适的比赛战术。来自U-17国家队的16名中国精英青年男性球员（身高：173±5.2厘米；体重：64.2±8.1千克；年龄：16.2±0.6岁）参与了本研究中的以下测试：(a) 最大垂直跳跃；(b) 膝关节在60、120、180、240和300度/秒角速度下的等速肌力测试；(c) 最大摄氧量（VO2max）；(d) 1次重复最大重量（1RM）力量测试；(e) 30米短跑。与欧洲和非洲球员相比，亚洲青年球员的跳跃高度较低，身高较矮。他们在股四头肌和腘绳肌的等速肌力（尤其是高速时）、VO2max、1RM力量测试、短跑起跑以及20至30米短跑方面的表现也较差。建议为亚洲精英青年足球运动员（或具有相似体格和能力的球员）进行专门的跳跃性能、高速运动、高收缩速度下的肌肉力量、耐力跑、短距离短跑（即5米）以及20至30米短跑训练。
