Colom Roberto, Quiroga Ma Angeles
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Madrid, Spain.
Psicothema. 2009 Aug;21(3):403-8.
Some studies show positive correlations between intraindividual variability in elementary speed measures (reflecting processing efficiency) and individual differences in neuroticism (reflecting instability in behaviour). The so-called neural noise hypothesis assumes that higher levels of noise are related both to smaller indices of processing efficiency and greater levels of neuroticism. Here, we test this hypothesis measuring mental speed by means of three elementary cognitive tasks tapping similar basic processes but varying systematically their content (verbal, numerical, and spatial). Neuroticism and intelligence are also measured. The sample comprised 196 undergraduate psychology students. The results show that (1) processing efficiency is generally unrelated to individual differences in neuroticism, (2) processing speed and efficiency correlate with intelligence, and (3) only the efficiency index is genuinely related to intelligence when the colinearity between speed and efficiency is controlled.
一些研究表明，基本速度测量中的个体内变异性（反映加工效率）与神经质的个体差异（反映行为的不稳定性）之间存在正相关。所谓的神经噪声假说认为，较高水平的噪声既与较低的加工效率指标有关，也与较高水平的神经质有关。在此，我们通过三项基本认知任务来测量心理速度，以此检验这一假说，这三项任务挖掘相似的基本过程，但系统地改变其内容（言语、数字和空间）。同时也测量了神经质和智力。样本包括196名心理学专业本科生。结果表明：（1）加工效率通常与神经质的个体差异无关；（2）加工速度和效率与智力相关；（3）当速度和效率之间的共线性得到控制时，只有效率指标与智力真正相关。
